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. 2011 Dec;90(12):1422–1427. doi: 10.1177/0022034511422911

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© 2011 International & American Associations for Dental Research

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Figure 3. — Gene expressions of selected markers quantified by real-time RT-PCR. After 2 wks and 4 wks, the removal torqued implants and the surrounding tissue were collected, and total RNA of samples was isolated (n = 9 for each time-point). The osteogenic markers (ALP, osteocalcin, Runx2, calcitonin receptor, collagen I, TRAP, IGF-1, and ATPase) and inflammation markers (IL-6 and TNF-α) were analyzed. The relative expressions of target genes were normalized with the housekeeping gene β-actin (*p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01).