Table 3.
Risk factors for depression after natural disasters in children
| All studies | High quality | Adjustment | Exclude wenchuan | Within 6 months | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
N |
OR (95%cl) |
I2 |
Egger test |
Trim and fill |
N |
OR (95%cl) |
N |
OR (95%cl) |
N |
OR (95%cl) |
N |
OR (95%cl) |
| (P value) | |||||||||||||
|
Basic characteristics |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Age (older) |
7 |
1.20 (0.92-1.55) |
73.5% |
P = 0.663 |
- |
2 |
1.01 (0.67-1.52) |
6 |
1.60 (0.88-1.53) |
3 |
1.10 (0.75-1.62) |
4 |
1.21 (0.84-1.74) |
| (p =0.001) | |||||||||||||
| Gender (female) |
9 |
0.88 (0.61-1.27) |
87.9% |
P = 0.023 |
0.88 (0.61-1.27) |
4 |
0.94 (0.50-1.76) |
7 |
0.92 (0.61-1.39) |
4 |
0.51 (0.26-0.99) |
4 |
0.83 (0.44-1.56) |
| (p <0.001) | |||||||||||||
| Prior trauma (yes) |
3 |
1.73 (1.16-2.58) |
86.6% |
P = 0.555- |
- |
2 |
1.94 (1.21-3.11) |
3 |
1.73 (1.16-2.58) |
2 |
1.82 (0.95-3.49) |
2 |
1.47 (1.21-1.78) |
| (p = 0.001) | |||||||||||||
|
Trauma characteristics |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Being trapped (yes) |
3 |
1.73 (1.17-2.56) |
0% |
P = 0.218 |
- |
1 |
1.70 (1.02-2.84) |
2 |
2.15 (0.82- 5.65) |
1 |
6.03 (0.79-45.93) |
2 |
2.15 (0.71-6.47) |
| (p = 0.464) | |||||||||||||
| Scare (yes) |
4 |
2.39 (1.50-3.82) |
52.9% |
P = 0.110 |
- |
2 |
2.20 (0.10-4.88) |
2 |
2.20 (0.10-4.88) |
1 |
2.73 (1.02-7.29) |
1 |
3.07 (1.47-6.40) |
| (p = 0.095) | |||||||||||||
| Injury (yes) |
5 |
2.60 (1.49-5.53) |
49.1% (p = 0.097) |
P = 0.722 |
- |
2 |
2.69 (0.69-10.44) |
3 |
3.01 (1.17-7.72) |
3 |
3.08 (1.23-7.73) |
2 |
3.54 (1.99-6.30) |
| Witness injury/death (yes) |
6 |
1.68 (1.33-2.10) |
42.5% |
P = 0.461 |
- |
3 |
1.43 (1.00-2.04) |
4 |
1.46 (1.09-1.94) |
2 |
2.11 (1.15-3.86) |
2 |
2.48 (1.46-4.21) |
| (p = 0.122) | |||||||||||||
| Bereavement (yes) |
6 |
2.85 (1.59-5.11) |
74.7% |
P = 0.014 |
2.01 (1.12-3.62) |
2 |
2.26 (0.81-6.29) |
4 |
2.64 (1.31-5.34) |
3 |
3.02 (1.11-8.26) |
3 |
4.58 (1.12-18.78) |
| (p = 0.001) | |||||||||||||
|
Post-trauma characteristics |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Social support (yes) |
1 |
0.21 (0.15-0.28) |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
0.21 (0.15-0.28) |
1 |
0.21 (0.15-0.28) |
1 |
0.21 (0.15-0.28) |
1 |
0.21 (0.15-0.28) |
| Loss of property (yes) |
5 |
0.97 (0.83-1.15) |
14.0% |
P = 0.037 |
- |
3 |
0.92 (0.79-1.06) |
5 |
0.97 (0.83-1.15) |
2 |
1.25 (0.54-2.89) |
1 |
1.02 (0.71-1.47) |
| (p = 0.325) | |||||||||||||
| House damage (yes) |
5 |
1.05 (0.84-1.32) |
0% |
P = 0.141 |
- |
3 |
1.00 (0.76-1.34) |
5 |
1.05 (0.84-1.32) |
2 |
1.41 (0.87-2.27) |
3 |
1.24 (0.90-1.69) |
| (p = 0.500) | |||||||||||||