Table 1.

Lifecycle interventions and anticipated benefits for women, adolescent and child health.

Lifecycle intervention	Outcomes associated with this lifecycle intervention and relationship to HIV prevention and treatment	Millennium Development Goal (MDG) addressed
Improve childhood nutrition	Improve survival of HIV-exposed infant Improve child health	MDG 1, 4, 6
Infant immunizations and health screenings	Improve follow up of HIV-exposed infants Promote exclusive breastfeeding Child survival	MDG 4
Education	Reduce adolescent pregnancy Reduce STI exposure Prevent HIV infection	MDG 1, 2, 3
Adolescent health promotion	Increase access to family planning and reproductive health services Increase access to pre-exposure prophylaxis Increase access to condoms Increase access to male circumcision Prevent HIV infection	MDG 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Family planning	Reduce maternal morbidity and mortality Prevent pregnancy in adolescents Prevent MTCT	MDG 3, 4, 5, 6
Sexually transmitted infection care and treatment	Prevent HIV infection Promote HIV testing/linkage to care	MDG 3, 6
Co-infection prevention and treatment (including malaria, parasitic infections, enteric infections)	Reduce maternal morbidity and mortality Reduce infant morbidity and mortality Improve pregnancy outcomes Reduce HIV disease progression	MDG 4, 5, 6
Antenatal care	Prevent MTCT Link HIV positive mothers to care Promote safe delivery strategies Increase access to pre-exposure prophylaxis	MDG 4, 5, 6
Facility delivery, safe motherhood strategies	Reduce maternal morbidity and mortality Prevent MTCT Improve follow up of HIV-exposed infants	MDG 4, 5, 6
Postpartum care	Promote postpartum family planning Promote exclusive breastfeeding Prevent MTCT Improve follow up of HIV-exposed infants Link HIV positive mothers to care Increase access to pre-exposure prophylaxis	MDG 1, 4, 5, 6
Breastfeeding promotion	Prevent MTCT Improve child survival	MDG 1, 4, 6
Chronic disease screening/treatment	Reduce maternal morbidity and mortality	MDG 2, 3, 7

MTCT = mother to child transmission. HIV = human immunodeficiency virus. MDG = millennium development goal.