i.t. gp120 caused visceral hyperalgesia in rats. A. Gp120 significantly increased electromyographic (EMG) activity induced by rectal distention at 24 hrs post i.t. injection (n = 6 rats, ***p<0.001, two way ANOVA vs. baseline). Heat-inactivated gp120 did not cause a significant increase of EMG activity. B. i.t. gp120-induced visceral hyperalgesia maintained on day 2, 7 and 14 post i.t. gp120 injection (n = 6, ***, p<0.001, two way ANOVA vs. baseline). Representative EMGs from the boxed distension pressure are shown to the right of each group.