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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jun 11.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Host Microbe. 2014 Jun 11;15(6):729–740. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.05.009

Figure 3. TarO/GbcOHomologue M5005_Spy0240 Contributes to GAC Biosynthesis.

Figure 3

Tunicamycin is a specific inhibitor of UDP-GlcNAC:lipid phosphate transferases like TarO and GbcO and produces a similar phenotype to a gbcO knockout in group B Streptococcus (GBS). WT M1 GAS was treated with different concentrations of tunicamycin to inhibit the activity of homologous enzyme encoded by the gacO gene (M5005_Spy0240), which resulted in (A) growth inhibition (mean ± SEM of four independent experiments, one-way ANOVA), (B) increased sensitivity to mutanolysin (100 U/ml; mean ± SEM of two independent experiments, two-way ANOVA), *p< 0.05,**p< 0.01, ***p< 0.001. (C) changes in cell morphology, and (D) complete loss of rhamnose expression indicating a loss of GAC production. Abbreviations: Rha = Rhamnose; Man = Mannose; Glc = Glucose; GlcNAc =N-acetyl-D-glucosamine; PS = polysaccharide; Tun = tunicamycin at indicated concentration (g/ml). See also Figure S2.