Table 4. Review of the literature.
| Authors | Year | Pz | TMJ | Classification | Approach | Fixation | Postoperative management | Complications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kermer et al13 | 1998 | 9 | 10 | NA | Preauricular | Lag screw | Soft diet for 6 wk No IMF |
None |
| Hlawitschka et al7 | 2005 | NA | 15 | Neff Type B 15 |
Preauricular | Titanium compression screw: 10 cases Titanium micromesh: 4 cases Absorbable polylactide screw: 1 case |
IMF for 1 d | Temporary FN injury: 1 case |
| Pilling et al14 | 2006 | NA | 5 | Loukota Type-B 5 |
Endaural | Cannulated screw system (Vilex Company, Pittsburgh, PA) | No IMF Early functional exercises |
NA |
| Loukota15 | 2007 | 2 | 2 | NA | Preauricular | Headless bone screw (Martin HBS; KLS Martin, Tuttlingen, Germany) | NA | None |
| Abdel-Galil and Loukota6 | 2008 | 1 | 2 | NA | Preauricular | Custommade ultrasound-activated resorbable pin (KLS Martin SonicWeld Rx) (KLS Martin, Tuttlingen, Germany) | NA | None |
| Vesnaver2 | 2008 | 13 | 16 | NA | Preauricular | Lag screw Whenever possible, 2 lag screws |
No IMF | Mouth opening limitation: 1 case |
| He et al10 | 2009 | 195 | 269 | He &andYang Type A 116 Type B 81 Type C 11 Type M 58 |
Preauricular | Wires, screws, and/or plates | Restricted jaw movement and a soft diet for 1 wk No IMF |
Pain in the TMJ: 1 case FN injury: 1 case |
| He et al8 | 2010 | 151 | 208 | Type A: 110 Type B 60 Type C 9 Type M 25 No displacement 4 |
Preauricular | Wires, screws, and/or plates | No IMF Soft diet for 1 mo |
Facial nerve injury: 1 case Condyle resorption: 4 cases |
| Jing et al12 | 2011 | 24 | 28 | Jing M 2 C 19 L 7 |
Preauricular | 2 microplates (Medicom Instrumente, Tuttingen, Germany) | Elastic IMF for 3–4 wk Liquid diet for 3–4 wk Gape exercises and semiliquid diet for 4 wk after IMF removal |
Temporary FN injury: 5 cases Malocclusion: 2 cases |
| Jones et al3 | 2011 | 5 | 8 | NA | Preauricular 6 Retroauricular 1 |
Lag or position screws, or miniplates | NA | None |
| Müller-Richter et al16 | 2011 | 3 | 4 | NA | Retroauricolar | Custommade ultrasound-activated resorbable pin (KLS Martin SonicWeld Rx) (KLS Martin, Tuttlingen, Germany) | NA | None |
| Benech et al26 | 2011 | 14 | 16 | NA | Retroauricular | Miniplate | Soft diet for 1 month | Temporary FN injury: 2 cases |
| Yang et al17 | 2013 | 11 | 14 | NA | Preauricular | Bicortical screw (AO 2.0 system locked bicortical screw) | NA | 2 temporary FN |
| Chen et al1 | 2010 | 129 | 164 | He and Yang Type A 88 Type B 45 Type C 9 Type M 22 |
Preauricolar | Steel wire and miniplate 87 Miniplate 35 Lag screw and miniplate 12 Lag screw 6 Steel wire 6 Removal of fragment 14 Reconstruction with costochondral graft 4 |
Soft diet for 6 wk No IMF |
Fibrous ankylosis: 1 case Mouth opening limitation: 5 cases Condyle resorption: 3 cases Facial nerve injury: 3 cases Malocclusion:1 case |
Abbreviations: FN, facial nerve; IMF, intermaxillary fixations; Pz, number of patients enrolled in the study; TMJ, number of surgically operated temporomandibular joints.