Table 1.
Tracking of CVD parameters from childhood to young adulthood.
| 8 to 21 years (n = 354) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age and sex specific variables | r (p-value) | % in highest fourth of the distribution at 8 who remained there at 21 y | Relative risk (95%CI) | % in lowest fourth of the distribution at 8 who remained there at 21 y | Relative risk (95% CI) | Cohen's kappa (p-value) |
| BMI | 0.53 (< 0.001) | 50.6 | 2.87 (2.05, 4.01) | 47.7 | 2.86 (2.02, 4.05) | 0.33 (< 0.001) |
| Height | 0.44 (< 0.001) | 43.4 | 2.43 (1.70, 3.46) | 44.9 | 2.36 (1.68, 3.31) | 0.23 (< 0.001) |
| Waist circumference | 0.44 (< 0.001) | 48.3 | 2.67 (1.91, 3.74) | 40.9 | 2.12 (1.49, 3.02) | 0.28 (< 0.001) |
| Sum of skinfolds | 0.44 (< 0.001) | 49.4 | 2.80 (2.00, 3.93) | 47.7 | 2.73 (1.94, 3.85) | 0.31 (< 0.001) |
| Systolic BP | 0.21 (< 0.001) | 31.3 | 1.37 (0.93, 2.02) | 30.6 | 1.37 (0.93, 2.03) | 0.07 (0.03) |
| Diastolic BP | 0.28 (< 0.001) | 35.3 | 1.64 (1.13, 2.38) | 25.3 | 1.00 (0.66, 1.53) | 0.14 (< 0.001) |
| Cholesterol | 0.53 (< 0.001) | 57.5 | 4.19 (2.94,5.97) | 49.4 | 2.88 (2.05, 4.06) | 0.36 (< 0.001) |
| Triglycerides | 0.33 (< 0.001) | 37.4 | 1.79 (1.25, 2.56) | 40.2 | 2.07 (1.45, 2.96) | 0.22 (< 0.001) |
| HDL-cholesterol | 0.26 (< 0.001) | 36.0 | 1.64 (1.14,2.35) | 38.9 | 1.94 (1.36, 2.77) | 0.18 (< 0.001) |
| Fasting glucose | 0.17 (0.006) | 32.2 | 1.47 (1.00,2.15) | 31.0 | 1.37 (0.93, 2.01) | 0.07 (0.03) |
| 120-minute glucose | 0.07 (0.15) | 27.4 | 1.20 (0.79, 1.82) | 30.5 | 1.30 (0.87, 1.93) | 0.06 (0.06) |
| Fasting insulin | 0.14 (0.009) | 28.4 | 1.18 (0.79, 1.77) | 32.1 | 1.46 (1.00, 2.15) | 0.08 (0.02) |
| HOMA-IR | 0.14 (0.006) | 35.6 | 1.65 (1.14, 2.38) | 33.7 | 1.58 (1.08, 2.32) | 0.11 (0.002) |
| Leptin | 0.24 (< 0.001) | 40.5 | 1.99 (1.37, 2.87) | 39.0 | 1.86 (1.27, 2.69) | 0.23 (< 0.001) |
BMI: body mass index; BP: blood pressure; IR: insulin resistance.