Table 3.
Associations between study groups and shortness of breath physical limitations.
| Study groupsa | Shortness of breath PLb (n = 2097) |
Unadjusted |
Adjustedc |
Adjustedd |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | Mean score (SD) | Difference (95% CI) | Difference (95% CI) | Difference (95% CI) | |
| Reference n = 1165 | 257 (22.1) | 75.4 (25.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hypertension n = 720 | 244 (33.9) | 65.0 (27.3) | − 10.4 (− 15.0, − 5.8) | − 2.4 (− 7.2,2.3) | − 0.6 (− 5.4, 4.3) |
| Ischaemic Heart Disease n = 1196 | 650 (54.3) | 53.7 (27.8) | − 21.7 (− 25.6, − 17.7) | − 15.7 (− 20.1, − 11.2) | − 12.9 (− 17.4, − 8.4) |
| Heart failure n = 149 | 108 (72.5) | 39.7 (27.3) | − 35.7 (− 41.6, − 29.8) | − 22.9 (− 29.7, − 16.1) | − 22.3 (− 29.1, − 15.6) |
| Osteoarthritis (OA) n = 828 | 247 (29.8) | 59.1 (27.0) | − 16.3 (− 20.9, − 11.7) | − 12.6 (− 17.1, − 8.0) | − 10.5 (− 15.2, − 5.9) |
| Hypertension and OA n = 1017 | 381 (37.5) | 52.5 (27.0) | − 22.9 (− 27.1, − 18.7) | − 14.6 (− 19.6, − 9.5) | − 11.6 (− 16.9, − 6.4) |
| Ischaemic Heart Disease and OA n = 305 | 176 (57.7) | 44.0 (26.8) | − 31.4 (− 36.5, − 26.4) | − 17.7 (− 23.8, − 11.8) | − 16.8 (− 22.9, − 10.7) |
| Heart failure and OA n = 46 | 34 (73.9) | 27.5 (25.9) | − 47.8 (− 57.1, − 38.6) | − 31.7 (− 41.8, − 21.5) | − 29.5 (− 39.7, − 19.3) |
a
Based on computer clinical records in 3-years before baseline — reference group without CVD or OA, index CVD groups without OA (hypertension, ischaemic heart disease and chronic heart failure), index OA group without CVD categories and comorbid (CVD and OA) groups.
b
Shortness of breast physical limitation from Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire.
c
Adjusted for age, gender, deprivation measured by Index of Multiple Deprivation, smoking and alcohol intake.
d
Adjusted additionally for body mass index.