Figure 2.

In peptide-based therapies, GBM-related antigens are administered to the patient as a vaccine to stimulate an immune response. Once administered, DCs, which are professional APCs, internalize these GBM-related antigens and present them to the immune effector cells to stimulate an immune response. In cell-based therapies, APCs are activated with GBM-related antigens, rather than the antigen itself, to prime the immune system and then injected into the patients to generate an immune response