Table 3.
Associations between industry–associated chemicals and high blood pressure.
| Normal BP (n = 2180) | High BP (n = 309) | P value | Adjusted model * | P value | Weighted model * | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mono(carboxynonyl) phthalate | 4.81 ± 16.80 | 6.28 ± 24.14 | 0.178 | 1.27 (1.12–1.45) | <0.001 | 1.19 (0.98–1.45) | 0.073 |
| Mono(carboxyoctyl) phthalate | 51.35 ± 111.28 | 51.66 ± 115.20 | 0.964 | 1.06 (0.96–1.18) | 0.239 | 1.03 (0.84–1.27) | 0.730 |
| Mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate | 26.93 ± 62.83 | 27.51 ± 29.98 | 0.871 | 1.37 (1.20–1.57) | <0.001 | 1.33 (1.10–1.62) | 0.006 |
| Mono-n-butyl phthalate | 23.58 ± 87.67 | 25.47 ± 40.33 | 0.709 | 1.32 (1.19–1.48) | <0.001 | 1.35 (1.13–1.62) | 0.002 |
| Mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate | 12.62 ± 84.15 | 12.50 ± 57.81 | 0.981 | 1.19 (1.08–1.31) | <0.001 | 1.13 (0.98–1.30) | 0.080 |
| Mono-ethyl phthalate | 183.80 ± 832.54 | 141.27 ± 435.73 | 0.379 | 1.09 (0.99–1.19) | 0.074 | 1.14 (0.97–1.34) | 0.104 |
| Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) | 18.26 ± 50.68 | 17.40 ± 23.11 | 0.769 | 1.30 (1.15–1.47) | <0.001 | 1.25 (1.05–1.49) | 0.014 |
| Mono-(2-ethyl)-hexyl phthalate | 3.40 ± 8.41 | 2.69 ± 3.76 | 0.143 | 1.04 (0.92–1.18) | 0.544 | 1.05 (0.82–1.33) | 0.699 |
| Mono-n-methyl phthalate | 4.39 ± 22.85 | 10.80 ± 75.81 | 0.002 | 1.24 (1.13–1.37) | <0.001 | 1.26 (1.07–1.48) | 0.007 |
| Mono-isononyl phthalate | 4.30 ± 13.70 | 4.23 ± 15.20 | 0.937 | 1.00 (0.90–1.10) | 0.957 | 1.01 (0.87–1.16) | 0.942 |
| Mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) | 11.24 ± 26.39 | 11.29 ± 14.98 | 0.974 | 1.32 (1.16–1.50) | <0.001 | 1.25 (1.07–1.48) | 0.009 |
| Mono-benzyl phthalate | 11.21 ± 19.74 | 16.91 ± 29.84 | <0.001 | 1.37 (1.21–1.54) | <0.001 | 1.40 (1.15–1.69) | 0.002 |
| Mono-isobutyl pthalate | 13.13 ± 22.17 | 15.71 ± 25.15 | 0.060 | 1.27 (1.11–1.44) | <0.001 | 1.14 (0.92–1.41) | 0.213 |
| Benzophenone-3 | 287.97 ± 2,063.09 | 183.41 ± 724.58 | 0.377 | 0.96 (0.90–1.02) | 0.167 | 0.99 (0.88–1.11) | 0.794 |
| Bisphenol A | 3.18 ± 8.47 | 3.14 ± 7.91 | 0.936 | 1.11 (0.96–1.27) | 0.149 | 0.94 (0.74–1.20) | 0.615 |
| Triclosan | 90.74 ± 272.57 | 71.09 ± 235.00 | 0.228 | 0.96 (0.90–1.03) | 0.308 | 0.96 (0.87–1.06) | 0.377 |
| Butyl paraben | 2.01 ± 13.14 | 1.51 ± 7.36 | 0.508 | 1.02 (0.92–1.12) | 0.728 | 1.06 (0.90–1.25) | 0.467 |
| Ethyl paraben | 15.51 ± 60.47 | 8.77 ± 22.60 | 0.053 | 1.01 (0.93–1.10) | 0.771 | 0.99 (0.87–1.12) | 0.846 |
| Methyl paraben | 214.79 ± 482.94 | 279.78 ± 979.54 | 0.060 | 1.08 (1.00–1.16) | 0.045 | 1.05 (0.92–1.20) | 0.457 |
| Propyl paraben | 50.64 ± 145.75 | 58.85 ± 237.71 | 0.399 | 1.04 (0.98–1.11) | 0.181 | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) | 0.329 |
Note: * Adjusted for urine creatinine, age, sex, ethnicity, and body mass index in the adjusted model, and additionally adjusted for survey weighting in the weighted model.