β3-null mice in crisis display a variety of secondary phenotypes. H&E-stained sections from wild-type (a, c, e, and g) and from β3-null mice found in crisis (b, d, f, and h). (a and b) Gastrointestinal bleeding can be observed in the lamina propria between the stomach epithelium (e) and muscularis mucosae (m). (c) White pulp (wp) and red pulp (rp) are clearly defined in wild-type spleen. Splenomegaly in anemic mice with extramedullary erythropoiesis (d). Centrilobular necrosis of the β3-null liver (f) is a consequence of severe anemia resulting in lack of well-oxygenated blood reaching the centrilobular vein (clv). Glomerular nephritis and resultant tubular necrosis are also secondary to anemia (h). Notice the dilated proximal tubules (dpt), enlarged glomerulus (g), and proteinaceous deposits (p) in the tubules. Normal proximal tubules are denoted, pt. Bar, 70 mm.