Table 2.

Blood Hormone and Substrate Concentrations

	Glucose, mg/dL	Insulin, μU/mL	Glucagon, pg/mL	Lactate, mmol/L	Glycerol, μmol/L	FFAs, μmol/L
Isotope equilibrium
NGT	94 ± 1.2a	15 ± 1.4	52 ± 2.5	0.46 ± 0.04	96 ± 11	496 ± 32
IFG	103 ± 1.6	19 ± 1.4	61 ± 3.9	0.47 ± 0.04	105 ± 10	564 ± 33
Euglycemia
NGT	89 ± 2.2	38 ± 2.8b	78 ± 2.5b	0.42 ± 0.02	40 ± 3.4a,b	80 ± 13b
IFG	87 ± 2.1b	43 ± 3.8b	78 ± 3.0b	0.42 ± 0.03	51 ± 4.4b	100 ± 13b
Hyperglycemia
NGT	177 ± 3b	42 ± 3.6	73 ± 2.3	0.48 ± 0.03	38 ± 3.6a	54 ± 9.0
IFG	175 ± 2b	48 ± 4.4	73 ± 3.2	0.47 ± 0.02	56 ± 6.9	65 ± 8.3b
Hyperglycemia+fructose
NGT	178 ± 2	44 ± 3.7	70 ± 2.4	0.56 ± 0.03	36 ± 2.9a	43 ± 7.3
IFG	178 ± 3	48 ± 4.3	74 ± 2.8	0.53 ± 0.03	50 ± 6.0	58 ± 6.1

Values are mean ± SEM.

^aP < .05, NGT vs IFG.

^bP < .05 compared with prior stage.