Table I.
Baseline characteristics among the three groups.
| Characteristic | Pre-ERCP som (n=81) | Post-ERCP som (n=126) | Control (n=97) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years; mean ± SD) | 59.31±14.61 | 56.06±14.38 | 56.23±15.94 | 0.262 |
| Gender (female/male) | 41/40 | 58/68 | 52/45 | 0.519 |
| Indications [n (%)] | ||||
| Biliary ductal stones | 59 (72.8) | 92 (73.0) | 66 (68.0) | 0.684 |
| Recent acute pancreatitis | 9 (11.1) | 8 (6.3) | 7 (7.2) | 0.438 |
| Malignancy | 5 (6.2) | 12 (9.5) | 11 (11.3) | 0.503 |
| Others | 8 (9.9) | 14 (11.1) | 13 (13.4 ) | 0.764 |
| SOD [n (%)] | 15 (18.5) | 27 (21.4) | 14 (14.4) | 0.414 |
| Difficult cannulationa [n (%)] | 16 (19.8) | 17 (13.5) | 12 (12.4) | 0.349 |
| Precut sphincterotomy [n (%)] | 14 (17.3) | 12 (9.5) | 11 (11.3) | 0.221 |
| Pancreatic duct injection [n (%)] | 26 (32.1) | 44 (34.9) | 34 (35.1) | 0.906 |
| Biliary sphincterotomy [n (%)] | 66 (81.5) | 100 (79.4) | 76 (78.4) | 0.888 |
| Stone extraction [n (%)] | 59 (72.8) | 91 (72.2) | 65 (67.0) | 0.635 |
| Drain insertionb [n (%)] | 10 (12.3) | 18 (14.3) | 21 (21.6) | 0.206 |
| Pancreatic duct stenting [n (%)] | 9 (11.1) | 10 (7.9) | 6 (6.2) | 0.501 |
a
Difficult cannulation (≥3 cannulation attempts);
b
drain insertion includes biliary stenting and nasobiliary drainage.
SOD, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction; pre-ERCP som, pre-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography somatostatin administration; post-ERCP som, post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography somatostatin administration.