Table 1.
Characteristics of MESA participants with and without subsyndromal depression.
| Variables | CES-D Normal n=4,021 | CES-D SubSyndromal n=1,519 | CES-D Depressed n=744 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Demographics | ||||
|
| ||||
| Age M (SD) | 62.6 (10.0) | 61.9 (10.4) | 61.3 (10.7) | <0.05* |
|
| ||||
| Females, n (%) | 1,891 (47) | 839 (55.2) | 508 (68.3) | <0.001* |
|
| ||||
| Ethnicity, n (%) | <0.001* | |||
| Caucasian | 1,566 (38.9) | 521 (34.3) | 200 (27.0) | |
| Chinese | 538 (13.4) | 182 (12.0) | 64 (8.6) | |
| African-American | 1,152 (28.6) | 449 (29.6) | 203 (27.3) | |
| Hispanic/Latinos | 765 (19.1) | 367 (24.1) | 276 (37.1) | |
|
| ||||
| Behaviors, M (SD) | ||||
|
| ||||
| Smoking Status, n (%) | <0.001* | |||
| Never | 2,135 (50.6) | 775 (51.1) | 395 (53.1) | |
| Former | 1,532 (38.1) | 513 (33.8) | 225 (30.2) | |
| Current | 454 (11.3) | 229 (15.1) | 125 (16.7) | |
|
| ||||
| Alcohol Use, n (%) | <0.001* | |||
| Never | 772 (19.3) | 359 (23.7) | 178 (24.1) | |
| Former | 913 (22.8) | 365 (24.1) | 193 (26.1) | |
| Current | 2,316 (57.9) | 788 (52.1) | 369 (49.9) | |
|
| ||||
| Total Walking, min/per week | 502.6 (614.9) | 500.3 (631.4) | 506.7 (660.7) | 0.97 |
|
| ||||
| Biologic, M (SD) | ||||
|
| ||||
| BMI | 28.0 (5.2) | 28.6 (5.6) | 28.8 (5.8) | <0.001* |
|
| ||||
| Systolic Blood Pressure, mm Hg | 127(21.2) | 126(21.3) | 127(23.5) | 0.44 |
|
| ||||
| Glucose, mg/dl | 97 (28.9) | 98 (31.3) | 100 (35.4) | 0.02* |
|
| ||||
| Total Cholesterol, mg/dl | 193 (34.7) | 195 (37.1) | 195 (37.5) | 0.21 |
|
| ||||
| HDL Cholesterol, mg/dl | 51 (14.9) | 51 (14.2) | 52 (15.0) | 0.01* |
|
| ||||
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | 130 (88.3) | 131 (93.1) | 137 (90.8) | 0.18 |
|
| ||||
| Comorbidities and Medications | ||||
|
| ||||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 476 (11.9) | 197 (13.0) | 120 (16.2) | 0.03* |
|
| ||||
| Lipid-Lowering Medications, n (%) | 639 (15.9) | 245 (16.1) | 92 (12.4) | 0.03* |
|
| ||||
| Hypertension Medication, n (%) | 1,448 (36.0) | 577 (38.0) | 290 (39.0) | 0.17 |
|
| ||||
| Inflammatory Markers (SD) | ||||
|
| ||||
| a C-reactive protein (CRP) | 1.83 (5.7) | 1.93 (5.2) | 2.0 (7.0) | 0.02* |
|
| ||||
| a Interleukin-6 (IL-6) | 1.20 (1.2) | 1.24(0.65) | 1.32 (1.32) | 0.02* |
|
| ||||
| a Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) | 4.69 (8.4) | 4.54 (3.7) | 4.88(20.8) | 0.01* |
CES-D Symptoms: Normal (scores 0–7), Sub-Syndromal (scores 8–15), Depressed (scores ≥ 16). Mean (SD) reported unless otherwise specified.
*
p<0.05;
a
Geometrical Means.