Table 4.
Variable | Initial pain | |
---|---|---|
Correlation | p value | |
Spearman correlation | ||
Age | −0.14 | 0.18 |
Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire | −0.17 | 0.091 |
Patient Health Questionnaire 2 | 0.038 | 0.71 |
Days injury to enrollment | 0.040 | 0.70 |
Oral morphine equivalents | 0.38 | < 0.001 |
Mann-Whitney U test (Z) | ||
Sex | −0.26 | 0.79 |
Smoker | −3.4 | 0.001 |
History of substance abuse | −3.2 | 0.001 |
Depression/anxiety | −3.2 | 0.001 |
Preadmission use of opioids | −2.4 | 0.018 |
Preadmission use of steroids | −1.6 | 0.10 |
Acetaminophen use | −1.5 | 0.15 |
Kruskal-Wallis test | ||
Diagnoses | 0.51 | |
Mechanism of injury | 0.36 | |
Physician | 0.13 | |
Procedure | 0.33 | |
Number of fractures | 0.99 |