. 2014 Jun 30;4(6):e120. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2014.21

Table 3. Results of human studies that investigated the association between serum/dietary potassium and components of the metabolic syndrome.

Authors	Country	Study design	Biomarkers for potassium	Outcomes
				Obesity	BP	Lipid profile	Blood glucose	MS
Lee et al., 2013⁸²	Korea	Data obtained from the Korean National health and Nutritional Examination (n=16 637). 40.5% M and 59.5% F. Age: 44±0.25 years	Dietary	(↓) BMI in F	(↓) HTN in F	(↓) TG in F (↓) HDL in F	(↓) IR in F (↓) glucose in F (↓) diabetes in F	(↓) MS in F
Teramoto et al., 2011⁷⁶	Japan	Prospective, large-scale observational study (n= 9585). 48.6% M and 51.4% F. Age: 50–79 years	Dietary	ND	(↓) SBP (↓) DBP	ND	ND	(↓) MS in F (∼) MS in M
Resnick et al., 2001⁷⁵	New York	Cross-sectional (n=42). 38% M and 62% F. Age 54–68 years	Serum	ND	(↓) SBP and DBP (↓) HTN	ND	(↓) Diabetes	ND
Rowe et al., 1980⁷³	United States, Boston	Case–control (n=7) 100% M. Age 20–31 years	Dietary	ND	ND	ND	(↓) Glucose intolerance (↓) impaired insulin secretion	ND
Dluhy et al., 1972⁷⁴	United States, Boston	Case–control (n=10). 80% M and 20% F. Age	Dietary and serum	ND	ND	ND	(↓) Insulin secretion	ND

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; F, female; HDL, high-density lipoprtotein; HTN, hypertension; IR, insulin resistance; M, male; MS, metabolic syndrome; ND, not determined; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TG, triglycerides(↑) positive relation; (↓) inverse relation; (∼) no relation.