Table 2.
Characteristics of 28 day survivors at the time of enrollment in trial of activated protein C for pediatric severe sepsis, stratified by functional outcome
| Total | Children with Good Functional Outcome n (%) |
Children with Poor Functional Outcome n (%) |
Relative Riska | 95% Confidence Interval | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Entire Cohort | 384 | 315 (82.0) | 69 (18.0) | ||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 204 | 165 (80.9) | 39 (19.1) | Referent | |
| Female | 180 | 150 (83.3) | 30 (16.7) | 0.67 | 0.38, 1.1 |
|
| |||||
| Age | |||||
| <1 month | 24 | 22 (91.7) | 2 (8.3) | 0.44 | 0.06, 2.3 |
| 1 month - <1 year | 92 | 73 (79.4) | 19 (20.7) | 1.5 | 0.77, 2.6 |
| 1 – < 5 years | 125 | 104 (83.2) | 21 (16.8) | Referent | |
| 5 – < 12 years | 82 | 69 (84.2) | 13 (15.9) | 0.89 | 0.39, 1.8 |
| 12 – < 18 years | 61 | 47 (77.1) | 14 (23.0) | 1.5 | 0.72, 2.7 |
|
| |||||
| Ethnicity | |||||
| White | 259 | 215 (83.0) | 44 (17.0) | Referent | |
| Hispanic | 71 | 52 (73.2) | 19 (26.8) | 1.9 | 1.0, 3.0 |
| African Descent | 21 | 17 (81.0) | 4 (19.1) | 0.99 | 0.32, 2.5 |
| Other (Mixed Racial) | 22 | 21 (95.5) | 1 (4.6) | 0.28 | 0.03, 1.8 |
| Asian (Western & South East)b | 11 | 10 (90.9) | 1 (9.1) | 0 | |
|
| |||||
| Immune Status | |||||
| Non-compromised | 338 | 283 (83.7) | 55 (16.3) | Referent | |
| Compromised | 34 | 23 (67.7) | 11 (32.4) | 1.9 | 0.94, 3.3 |
|
| |||||
| Source of Infection | |||||
| Lung | 133 | 117 (88.0) | 16 (12.0) | Referent | |
| Blood | 131 | 105 (80.2) | 26 (19.9) | 1.8 | 0.89, 3.2 |
| Intra-Abdominal | 33 | 23 (69.7) | 10 (30.3) | 2.4 | 0.98, 4.5 |
| CNS | 30 | 22 (73.3) | 8 (26.7) | 3.3 | 1.4, 5.6 |
| Otherc | 57 | 48 (84.2) | 9 (15.8) | 1.1 | 0.43, 2.5 |
|
| |||||
| Recent Trauma | |||||
| No | 377 | 312 (82.8) | 65 (17.2) | Referent | |
| Yes | 7 | 3 (42.9) | 4 (57.1) | 3.9 | 1.4, 5.4 |
|
| |||||
| CPR prior to Enrollment | |||||
| No | 378 | 313 (82.8) | 64 (17.2) | Referent | |
| Yes | 6 | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 5.1 | 2.9, 5.7 |
|
| |||||
| PRISM IIId | |||||
| 0 to 9 | 75 | 68 (90.7) | 7 (9.3) | Referent | |
| 10 to 19 | 186 | 158 (85.0) | 28 (15.1) | 1.2 | 0.47, 2.8 |
| 20 to 29 | 103 | 76 (73.8) | 27 (26.2) | 2.8 | 1.2, 5.2 |
| ≥30 | 20 | 13 (65.0) | 7 (35.0) | 4.5 | 1.6, 8.0 |
|
| |||||
| Dysfunctional Organ Systems | |||||
| ≤2 | 77 | 72 (93.5) | 5 (6.5) | ||
| 3 | 108 | 86 (79.6) | 22 (20.4) | ||
| 4 | 101 | 87 (86.1) | 14 (13.9) | ||
| ≥5 | 98 | 70 (71.4) | 28 (28.6) | ||
|
| |||||
| Chronic Diseasee | |||||
| None | 227 | 187 (82.4) | 40 (17.6) | ||
| Cardiac | 24 | 20 (83.3) | 4 (16.7) | ||
| Respiratory | 24 | 22 (91.7) | 2 (8.3) | ||
| Malignancy | 16 | 10 (62.5) | 6 (37.5) | ||
| Neurologic | 45 | 38 (84.4) | 7 (15.6) | ||
| Diabetes | 4 | 4 (100%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Congenital Anomaly | 43 | 37 (86.1) | 6 (14.0) | ||
|
| |||||
| Infection Type | |||||
| No culture done or culture negative | 124 | 108 (87.1) | 16 (12.9) | ||
| Viral | 15 | 14 (93.3) | 1 (6.7) | ||
| Fungal | 24 | 20 (83.3) | 4 (16.7) | ||
| Bacterial | |||||
| pure gram positive | 105 | 83 (79.1) | 22 (21.0) | ||
| pure gram negative | 77 | 60 (77.9) | 17 (22.1) | ||
| mixed gram | 39 | 30 (76.9) | 9 (23.1) | ||
|
| |||||
| ARDS at Enrollment | |||||
| No | 323 | 266 (82.4) | 57 (17.7) | ||
| Yes | 37 | 27 (73.0) | 10 (27.0) | ||
|
| |||||
| Recent Surgery | |||||
| No | 343 | 280 (81.6) | 63 (18.4) | ||
| Yes | 41 | 35 (85.4) | 6 (14.6) | ||
|
| |||||
| Randomized to Receive Activated Protein C | |||||
| No | 190 | 159 (83.7) | 31 (16.3) | ||
| Yes | 194 | 156 (80.4) | 38 (19.6) | ||
|
| |||||
| Baseline Steroids | |||||
| No | 234 | 193 (82.5) | 41 (17.5) | ||
| Yes | 150 | 122 (81.3) | 28 (18.7) | ||
|
| |||||
| Prior ICU Admission | |||||
| No | 379 | 312 (82.3) | 67 (17.7) | ||
| Yes | 5 | 3 (60.0) | 2 (40.0) | ||
a
Odds Ratio obtained from multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for frequent outcome
b
9 Asian patients with non-missing data all had ‘good’ functional outcome
c
Includes Cardiac, Gynecologic, Pleural, Urinary Tract, Vascular Catheter, Skin, Head/EENT & Bone/Joint
d
Pediatric Risk of Mortality Score III
e
Does not represent mutually exclusive categories