Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of the study population
| Total (n = 344) | Alive (n = 288) | Dead (n = 56) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 59 ± 13 | 59 ± 13 | 62 ± 11 | 0.031 |
| Gender (male) | 224(65) | 185 (64) | 39(73) | 0.54 |
| Ethnicity (Caucasian) | 281 (81) | 234(82) | 47(85) | 0.20 |
| Smoking | 43 (12) | 35 (13) | 8 (17) | 0.57 |
| Etiology | 0.10 | |||
| Ischemic | 118(34) | 94 (33) | 24(45) | |
| Hypertensive | 69(20) | 55(19) | 14 (26) | |
| Idiopathic | 57 (17) | 53 (18) | 4 (7) | |
| Alcoholic | 38 (11) | 32 (11) | 6 (11) | |
| Other | 52 (15) | 47 (17) | 5 (9) | |
| NYHA class | 0.08 | |||
| I-II | 286(83) | 244(84) | 42(75) | |
| III-IV | 58 (17) | 44 (16) | 14 (25) | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 124 ± 22 | 124 ± 22 | 125 ± 22 | 0.83 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 0.002 |
| Na (mEq/L) | 140 ± 3.4 | 140 ± 3 | 140 ± 3 | 0.31 |
| Left ventricle ejection fraction (%) | 32 ± 9 | 33 ± 9 | 29 ± 9 | 0.008 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes Melitus. | 104 (30) | 81 (29) | 23(42) | 0.078 |
| Hypertension | 224(65) | 178 (65) | 46 (85) | 0.004 |
| COPD | 27 (7.8) | 22 (10) | 5(12) | 0.078 |
| Angina | 52 (15) | 44 (18) | 8 (19) | 0.97 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 86(25) | 70 (27) | 16 (31) | 0.60 |
Data are expressed as the means ± standard deviation or absolute numbers (%). NYHA: New York Heart Association; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.