Table 3.
Comparisons of the four primary and five secondary findings on MRI and low- and high-grade instability on the Lachman and pivot shift tests
|
Parameter |
Early MRI group (
n
= 89) |
Late MRI group (
n
= 65) |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Lachman test |
OR (95% CI) |
Pivot shift test |
OR (95% CI) |
Lachman test |
OR (95% CI) |
Pivot shift test |
OR (95% CI) |
|||||
| Low ( n = 51) | High ( n = 38) | Low ( n = 16) | High ( n = 73) | Low ( n = 35) | High ( n = 30) | Low ( n = 9) | High ( n = 56) | ||||||
| Primary findings |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Nonvisualization |
4 |
8 |
3.1 (0.9–11.3)
#
|
1 |
11 |
2.7 (0.3–22.5) |
11 |
16 |
2.5 (0.9–6.9)† |
2 |
25 |
2.8 (0.5–14.8) |
|
| Discontinuity |
36 |
25 |
1.5 (0.5–5.0) |
14 |
47 |
0.2 (0.03–1.9) |
21 |
11 |
0.5 (0.1–2.5) |
4 |
28 |
4.2 (0.7–24.8) |
|
| Abnormal signal |
36 |
24 |
1.2 (0.4–3.8) |
13 |
47 |
0.5 (0.1–2.4) |
10 |
7 |
1.3 (0.4–4.8) |
3 |
14 |
1.0 (0.2–5.1) |
|
| Abnormal shape |
33 |
24 |
1.7 (0.6–5.1) |
12 |
45 |
0.7 (0.2–2.6) |
10 |
6 |
1.0 (0.3–3.7) |
3 |
13 |
0.9 (0.2–4.5) |
|
| Secondary findings |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
| Deep sulcus sign |
22 |
15 |
0.9 (0.4–2.0) |
8 |
29 |
0.7 (0.2–2.0) |
9 |
4 |
0.4 (0.1–1.6) |
2 |
11 |
0.9 (0.2–4.7) |
|
| Segond fracture |
2 |
1 |
0.7 (0.1–7.6) |
1 |
2 |
0.4 (0.04–5.0) |
1 |
0 |
1.0 (0.9–1.0) |
0 |
1 |
1.0 (1.0–1.1) |
|
| PCL angle (<105°) |
12 |
10 |
1.2 (0.4–3.1) |
2 |
20 |
2.6 (0.6–12.7) |
19 |
22 |
2.3 (0.8–6.6) |
7 |
34 |
0.4 (0.1–2.3) |
|
| Anterior translation (≥7 mm) |
31 |
23 |
1.0 (0.4–2.3) |
5 |
49 |
4.5 (1.4–14.4)
*
|
20 |
23 |
2.5 (0.8–7.3)‡ |
4 |
39 |
2.9 (0.7–12.0) |
|
| Bone contusion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Absent or medial compartment |
11 |
4 |
0.4 (0.1–1.5) |
2 |
13 |
1.5 (0.3–7.5) |
23 |
25 |
2.6 (0.8–8.6) |
7 |
41 |
0.8 (0.2–4.2) |
|
| Lateral compartment |
18 |
17 |
1.5 (0.6–3.5) |
6 |
29 |
1.2 (0.4–3.4) |
8 |
5 |
0.7 (0.2–2.3) |
1 |
12 |
2.2 (0.3–19.2) |
|
| Both compartments | 22 | 17 | 1.1 (0.5–2.5) | 8 | 31 | 0.7 (0.3–2.2) | 4 | 0 | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 1 | 3 | 0.5 (0.04–4.9) | |
P-values less than 0.1 are shown in bold (*P = 0.008, # P=0.071, †P = 0.074, ‡P = 0.097). Abbreviations: MRI magnetic resonance imaging, n number, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval.