Table 2. Flow-mediated dilation and endothelial dysfunction by the metabolic syndrome and blood glucose stratified by gender.
| Met Syn | Glucose | n | FMD | (95% CI) | FMDadjusted | (95% CI) | ED, % | |
| Women | 2528 | 5.33 | (5.16–5.51) | 16.0 | ||||
| No | Normal | 2166 | 5.48a | (5.28–5.67) | 5.25 | (5.21–5.27) | 15.3 | |
| No | Elevated | 15 | 4.47b | (1.48–7.46) | 4.94 | (4.57–5.31) | 26.7 | |
| Yes | Normal | 313 | 4.61c | (4.18–5.03) | 4.46 | (4.39–4.51) | 17.6 | |
| Yes | Elevated | 34 | 3.11d | (1.86–4.30) | 3.03 | (2.88–3.10) | 41.2 | |
| Men | 2211 | 4.29 | (4.13–4.45) | 17.3 | ||||
| No | Normal | 1743 | 4.27e | (4.09–4.45) | 4.16 | (4.13–4.19) | 17.5 | |
| No | Elevated | 33 | 5.26f | (3.64–6.89) | 5.04 | (4.84–5.23) | 12.1 | |
| Yes | Normal | 374 | 4.42g | (4.00–4.83) | 4.25 | (4.18–4.31) | 16.3 | |
| Yes | Elevated | 61 | 3.49h | (2.62–4.30) | 3.46 | (3.34–3.50) | 24.6 |
Met Syn: metabolic syndrome; n: number of participants in each category; FMD: flow-mediated vasodilation; FMDadjusted :FMD adjusted for age; ED: endothelial dysfunction; CI: 95% confidence interval. Annotations as letters on FMD groups to show differences between groups and p-values, with differences as follows with ANOVA: a different from c, d, e, g and h (p<0.005); c different from d (p = 0.066) and trend for h (p = 0.057);d different from b and f (p = 0.036); f trend with h (p = 0.051).