Table 3.
Resting state studies in epilepsy reporting abnormalities of global brain connectivity.
| Syndr. | ROI | Connectivity findings |
Method | Analysis | N | Effect spikes | Correlations | Reference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Decrease | Increase | Other | ||||||||
| FLE | Global brain connectivity | Long range connections | Interhemispheric connections | Increased modularity in patients | Global c.- Graph t. | P vs. CTR Correlation | 37 P41 CTR | No | Increased modularity correlates with worse cognition | Vaessen et al. (104) |
| mTLE | Global brain connectivity | No specific networks | Classification of network characteristics lead to diagnostic accuracy of 77% | Global c.- Graph t. | P vs. CTR | 16 P52 CTR | No | Zhang et al. (105) | ||
| Focal/IGE | Global brain connectivity | Interhemispheric coherence | Global asymmetry (temporal and limbic networks) | Global c.-AsymmetryIntegration | P vs. CTR | 100P80 CTR | No | Zhang et al. (11) | ||
| IGE | Global brain connectivity | Cortical and subcortical structures | Global c.- ReHo | P vs. CTR | 25 P25 CTR | No | ReHo in thalamus/insula and DMN correlated with duration of epilepsy | Zhong et al. (54) | ||
| IGE | Global brain connectivity | Nodal topological characteristicsDMN | Nodal topological characteristics mesial frontal cortex, putamen, thalamus amygdala | Global c.- Graph t. | P vs. CTRStructural connectivity vs. functional connectivity | 26 P26 CTR | No | Decoupling between structural and functional connectivity correlates with epilepsy duration | Zhang et al. (106) | |
For each study, information is provided regarding the epileptic syndrome included in the study, the areas where connectivity was seeded from (ROI), in those studies using this approach; the main findings subdivided in increases and decreases of connectivity, and whether the effect of the spikes was addressed in the study (effect of spikes), as well as the correlations if any of the findings with clinical data.
Synd., epileptic syndrome; Seed ROI, region of interest used as the connectivity seed; P, patients; CTR, controls; Focal, focal epilepsies; TLE, temporal lobe epilepsy; mTLE, medial TLE; HS, hippocampal sclerosis; IGE, idiopathic generalized epilepsies; CAE, childhood absence epilepsy; IDE, interictal epileptiform discharges; Global c., global brain connectivity; Graph t., graph theory; ReHo, regional homogeneity; ALFF, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations