Table 1. Baseline and treatment characteristics.
| Baseline | Cases (N = 42) | Controls (N = 42) | p-value |
| Age, mean ± SD | 54.5±14.1 | 56.2±12.4 | 0.540 |
| Female (%) | 14 (33%) | 20 (48%) | 0.182 |
| Histopathology* | 0.786 | ||
| Diffuse grade II gliomas | 8 (19%) | 9 (21%) | |
| Diffuse grade III and IV gliomas | 34 (81%) | 33 (79%) | |
| Primary operation (%) | 23 (55%) | 32 (76%) | 0.167 |
| Preoperative contrast enhancement (%) | 36 (86%) | 34 (81%) | 0.558 |
| Tumor volume (cm3) mean ± SD | 32.1±34.7 | 29.4±24.8 | 0.680 |
| Tumor volume in quartiles* | 0.491 | ||
| 1: range (0.73–32.85 cm3) | 30 (71%) | 29 (69%) | |
| 2: range (36.99–63.20 cm3) | 6 (14%) | 8 (19%) | |
| 3: range (69.55–95.45 cm3) | 4 (10%) | 5 (12%) | |
| 4: range (128.34–162.87 cm3) | 2 (5%) | 0 | |
| Sawaya grade of eloquence (%)* | 0.999 | ||
| Not eloquent | 8 (19%) | 8 (19%) | |
| Intermediate | 15 (36%) | 15 (36%) | |
| Eloquent | 19 (45%) | 19 (45%) | |
| Left sided tumor (%) | 24 (60%) | 23 (55%) | 0.668 |
| Preoperative symptoms† | |||
| Seizures (%) | 15 (36%) | 14 (33%) | 0.818 |
| Motor deficit(s) (%) | 18 (43%) | 10 (24%) | 0.143 |
| Nausea & vomiting (%) | 3 (7%) | 4 (10%) | 0.693 |
| Visual (%) | 3 (7%) | 9 (21%) | 0.061 |
| Dysphasia (%) | 7 (17%) | 8 (19%) | 0.776 |
| Cognitive (%) | 12 (29%) | 8 (19%) | 0.306 |
| Dizziness & Ataxia (%) | 9 (21%) | 9 (21%) | 1.000 |
| Resection grade in %, median (IQR) | 96.4 (84.5–100) | 98.5 (90.4–100) | 0.202 |
| Gross total resection (%) | 13 (31%) | 19 (45%) | 0.178 |
*Matching criteria.
†
More than one symptom may be registered per patient.