Table 1.
Characteristic | No. | % | Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Poor self-rated health | 1,251 | 19.7 | ||
GHQ-4 score indicating poor healtha | 1,264 | 20.0 | ||
Individual level | ||||
Sex | ||||
Men | 3,067 | 48 | ||
Women | 3,268 | 52 | ||
Overcrowdingb | 3,760 | 59.4 | ||
No home ownership | 5,233 | 82.6 | ||
Family size >3 people | 1,981 | 31 | ||
Occupational class | ||||
I (Professional) or II (managerial) | 649 | 10.2 | ||
III-NM (Skilled nonmanual) | 2,404 | 37.9 | ||
III-M (Skilled manual) | 1,223 | 19.3 | ||
IV (Partly skilled) | 862 | 13.6 | ||
V (Unskilled) | 924 | 14.6 | ||
Other | 273 | 4.3 | ||
Neighborhood level | ||||
Proportion lacking 4 amenitiesc | 30 (8–54) | |||
Proportion without home ownershipd | 86 (72–96) | |||
School level | ||||
Proportion of fathers in occupational class I or IIe | 8 (3–14) | |||
Adult factors | ||||
Age | 47 (1.5) | |||
Occupational class | ||||
I or II (Professional or managerial) | 2,627 | 41.5 | ||
III-NM (Skilled nonmanual) | 1,586 | 25.0 | ||
III-M (Skilled manual) | 1,147 | 18.1 | ||
IV or V (Partly skilled or unskilled) | 917 | 14.5 | ||
Other | 58 | 0.9 | ||
Age on leaving school, years | ||||
<16 | 2,938 | 46.4 | ||
16 | 1,461 | 23.0 | ||
>16 | 1,936 | 30.6 |
Abbreviations: GHQ-4, 4-item version of the General Health Questionnaire; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.
a Mental health was assessed using the GHQ-4, which asks whether, in the past few weeks, respondents have been 1) feeling reasonably happy, all things considered; 2) able to enjoy your normal day-to-day activities; 3) losing confidence in yourself; and 4) feeling unhappy and depressed.
b More than 1 person per room in the home.
c Proportion of homes in the enumeration district without the following 4 amenities: hot water, cold water, fixed bath, and toilet.
d Proportion of people who did not own their own homes in the enumeration district.
e Proportion of children with fathers from professional and managerial occupational classes.