Table 3.
Association between daily dietary intake quintiles of methionine and B vitamins and gastric cancer risk stratified by menopausal status, Shanghai Women’s Health Study, 1997–2010.
| Intake quintile | Range | Premenopausal women
|
Postmenopausal women
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of cases | Fully-adjusted HR (95% CI) a | No. of cases | Fully-adjusted HR (95% CI) a | ||
| Dietary Folate, ug/day | |||||
| Quintile 1 | 45–206 | 17 | 1.00 (ref.) | 60 | 1.00 (ref.) |
| Quintile 2 | 206–253 | 19 | 1.20 (0.60–2.37) | 41 | 0.88 (0.58–1.34) |
| Quintile 3 | 253–301 | 15 | 1.08 (0.50–2.32) | 39 | 0.92 (0.59–1.44) |
| Quintile 4 | 301–366 | 10 | 0.80 (0.33–1.96) | 60 | 1.50 (0.96–2.33) |
| Quintile 5 | 366–2048 | 25 | 2.62 (1.04–6.59) | 37 | 1.06 (0.59–1.91) |
| P for trend | 0.21 | 0.19 | |||
| Methionine, g/day | |||||
| Quintile 1 | 0.3–1.1 | 18 | 1.00 (ref.) | 61 | 1.00 (ref.) |
| Quintile 2 | 1.1–1.3 | 17 | 0.81 (0.40–1.64) | 60 | 1.37 (0.92–2.04) |
| Quintile 3 | 1.3–1.6 | 17 | 0.75 (0.34–1.66) | 36 | 0.98 (0.59–1.64) |
| Quintile 4 | 1.6–1.9 | 17 | 0.74 (0.29–1.88) | 38 | 1.26 (0.69–2.29) |
| Quintile 5 | 1.9–5.7 | 17 | 0.76 (0.21–2.74) | 42 | 1.75 (0.78–3.94) |
| P for trend | 0.61 | 0.52 | |||
| Riboflavin, mg/day | |||||
| Quintile 1 | 0.1–0.6 | 23 | 1.00 (ref.) | 68 | 1.00 (ref.) |
| Quintile 2 | 0.6–0.7 | 12 | 0.35 (0.17–0.73) | 44 | 0.90 (0.59–1.36) |
| Quintile 3 | 0.7–0.9 | 20 | 0.49 (0.24–0.99) | 54 | 1.27 (0.81–1.99) |
| Quintile 4 | 0.9–1.1 | 15 | 0.31 (0.13–0.71) | 39 | 1.08 (0.62–1.89) |
| Quintile 5 | 1.1–3.8 | 16 | 0.23 (0.08–0.73) | 32 | 1.11 (0.52–2.36) |
| P for trend | 0.02 | 0.53 | |||
| Niacin, mg/day | |||||
| Quintile 1 | 3.7–10.8 | 18 | 1.00 (ref.) | 68 | 1.00 (ref.) |
| Quintile 2 | 10.8–12.7 | 19 | 0.94 (0.46–1.90) | 48 | 1.02 (0.67–1.56) |
| Quintile 3 | 12.7–14.7 | 13 | 0.63 (0.26–1.49) | 41 | 1.08 (0.65–1.81) |
| Quintile 4 | 14.7–17.3 | 20 | 0.96 (0.36–2.54) | 39 | 1.26 (0.67–2.36) |
| Quintile 5 | 17.3–54.3 | 16 | 0.82 (0.20–3.33) | 43 | 1.87 (0.79–4.42) |
| P for trend | 0.78 | 0.28 | |||
| Vitamin B6, mg/day | |||||
| Quintile 1 | 0.3–1.2 | 21 | 1.00 (ref.) | 73 | 1.00 (ref.) |
| Quintile 2 | 1.2–1.5 | 13 | 0.48 (0.23–1.00) | 45 | 0.84 (0.55–1.27) |
| Quintile 3 | 1.5–1.8 | 17 | 0.58 (0.27–1.26) | 40 | 0.88 (0.54–1.45) |
| Quintile 4 | 1.8–2.1 | 20 | 0.62 (0.26–1.51) | 42 | 1.07 (0.59–1.93) |
| Quintile 5 | 2.1–6.9 | 15 | 0.42 (0.11–1.52) | 37 | 1.14 (0.49–2.63) |
| P for trend | 0.38 | 0.73 | |||
| Vitamin B12, ug/day | |||||
| Quintile 1 | 0.0–1.3 | 13 | 1.00 (ref.) | 64 | 1.00 (ref.) |
| Quintile 2 | 1.3–2.0 | 21 | 1.20 (0.59–2.44) | 59 | 1.28 (0.88–1.86) |
| Quintile 3 | 2.0–2.6 | 15 | 0.77 (0.35–1.70) | 44 | 1.20 (0.77–1.86) |
| Quintile 4 | 2.6–3.6 | 20 | 0.93 (0.41–2.12) | 38 | 1.25 (0.75–2.06) |
| Quintile 5 | 3.6–34.2 | 17 | 0.75 (0.27–2.06) | 32 | 1.33 (0.70–2.54) |
| P for trend | 0.45 | 0.43 | |||
a
Adjusted for age at invitation, menopausal status, body mass index, total energy intake, peptic ulcer medication history and family history of gastric cancer, education level, total meat intake, all vegetables and fruits intake (except watermelon), sodium intake, and intake frequency of salted foods