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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Immunol Res. 2014 Jun 18;2(7):616–631. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-14-0027

Figure 1. Intratumoral tertiary lymphoid aggregates observed in PDACs from Panc GVAX-treated patients.

Figure 1

A. Lymphoid aggregates (indicated by arrows) observed in PDACs from Panc GVAX-treated (vaccinated) patients are not seen in Panc GVAX naïve (unvaccinated) patients. Lymphoid aggregates are composed of T cells (anti-CD3 staining) and B cells (anti-CD20 staining). B. Numbers of PDACs with (TLA+) or without (TLA−) at least one lymphoid aggregate present in the intratumoral area in 54 unvaccinated patients and 39 vaccinated patients. Intratumoral lymphoid aggregates are observed specifically in PDACs from vaccinated patients (Fisher’s exact test p<0.001). C. IHC analysis with T-cell markers (CD3, CD4 and CD8), B-cell marker (CD20) and follicular dendritic cell marker (CD21). D. IHC analysis of the cell-proliferation marker Ki67. E. IHC analysis of the lymphatic-vessel (arrows) marker D2-40. F. IHC analysis of the chemokine ligand CCL21 (arrows). G. IHC analysis of CD20+ B cells, CD3+ T cells, CD56+ NK cells, and CD1a+ immature dendritic cells. Note that anti-CD56 staining also marks neural tissues (arrow). H. IHC analysis of CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages and CD83+ and DC-LAMP+ mature dendritic cells (arrows). All positive IHC signals are in brown.