Table 3.
Agreement Between Standard Transthoracic and Handheld Echocardiography for Categorical Variables
| Variable | No. of Patients | Standard Transthoracic Echocardiography, Mean (SD) | Handheld Echocardiography, Mean (SD) | Agreement (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LV end-diastolic diameter, mm | 179 | 50 (6) | 50 (6) | 0.78 (0.72-0.84) |
| LV end-systolic diameter, mm | 163 | 33 (7) | 33 (7) | 0.89 (0.85-0.92) |
| LV ejection fraction, % | 187 | 60 (11) | 60 (11) | 0.87 (0.83-0.90) |
| Wall motion score index | 185 | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.3) | 0.80 (0.75-0.85) |
| Wall motion score indexb | 14 | 2.0 (0.6) | 2.0 (0.5) | 0.88 (0.67-0.96) |
| Aortic diameter, mm | 56 | 35 (6) | 36 (6) | 0.91 (0.86-0.95) |
| LV size (normal vs mild vs >mild enlargement) | 187 | NA | NA | 0.52 (0.35-0.68) |
| Increased LV wall thickness (present vs absent) | 160 | NA | NA | 0.51 (0.28-0.74) |
| Regional wall motion abnormalities (present vs absent) | 186 | NA | NA | 0.62 (0.45-0.80) |
| Right ventricular size (normal vs ≥mild enlargement) | 185 | NA | NA | 0.52 (0.32-0.71) |
| Right ventricular function (normal vs decreased) | 185 | NA | NA | 0.65 (0.46-0.84) |
| Left atrial size (normal vs enlarged) | 181 | NA | NA | 0.55 (0.42-0.68) |
| Right atrial size (normal vs enlarged) | 180 | NA | NA | 0.49 (0.37-0.62) |
| Aortic stenosis (present vs absent) | 190 | NA | NA | 0.73 (0.55-0.91) |
| Mitral regurgitation (≤trivial vs mild vs >mild regurgitation) | 187 | NA | NA | 0.61 (0.51-0.72) |
| Tricuspid regurgitation (≤trivial vs mild vs >mild regurgitation) | 176 | NA | NA | 0.61 (0.51-0.71) |
| Pericardial effusion (present vs absent) | 190 | NA | NA | 0.51 (0.28-0.74) |
| Inferior vena cava size (normal vs dilated) | 167 | NA | NA | 0.47 (0.27-0.67) |
| Aortic enlargement (present vs absent) | 99 | NA | NA | 0.59 (0.30-0.89) |
Abbreviations: LV, left ventricular; NA, not applicable.
a
Agreement statistics are presented as simple κ statistics for dichotomous variables, weighted κ statistics for multilevel variables, and Lin concordance correlation coefficients for continuous variables.
b
Presented for 14 patients who had regional wall motion abnormalities identified on both standard transthoracic echocardiography and handheld echocardiography.