Figure 7. LBP, l-arabinose and β-carotene attenuated cellular oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis induced by sodium palmitate.

(a) Catalase (CAT) mRNA, (b) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), (c) Apoptotic ratio (apoptotic cell number against total cell number) and (d) Cellular caspase-3/7 activity were measured in BRL-3A cells with different treatment for 24 hrs. Data from each group were expressed as means ± SEMs (n = 5). Statistical comparisons between groups were done using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn's post hoc test to detect differences in all groups. Different letters (e.g. a and b) mean a statistical significant change (p < 0.05) between each other.