Figure 1.

Examples of the stimuli used in both Experiments (i.e., with speech being filtered for Experiment 1). Here the sentence is “Come hai visto quando Luca chiama il suo gatto è sempre felice.” Two meanings are possible: “As you have seen when Luca calls his cat is always happy” (meaning 1) vs. “As you have seen when Luca calls his cat he is always happy” (meaning 2). On the left, this is the matched version (i.e., the audio and the visual inputs match) whereas on the right this is the mismatched version (i.e., the audio of meaning 1 is aligned with the visual input of meaning 2). The left and right edges of gesture sequences and those of utterances were aligned.