Table 3. Respiration rate and phosphorylation efficiency (P/O₂ ratio) of isolated brain mitochondria.

Respiratory state and substrates	Control, N=7	Fructose, N=6	P
State 4: 0.5 mmol/L pyruvate	10.4±0.4	11.1±0.2	NS
State 3: 0.5 mmol/L pyruvate+2 mmol/L ADP	197±5.3	213±4.4*	0.040
State 3+5 mmol/L succinate	283±7.4	307±6.9*	0.037
State 3+5 mmol/L succinate+50 μmol/L Rotenone	168±4.5	182±4.1*	0.048
P/O2, pyruvate (mole ATP per mole oxygen)	4.86±0.05	4.69±0.04*	0.029

NS, nonsignificant.

Mitochondria isolated from whole brain (without cerebellum) of 15-month-old Fischer F344 rats whose mothers were subjected to either a control diet or a high-fructose diet during gestation and lactation. Mitochondria were examined by high-resolution respirometry. The oxygen consumptions are given as nmol O₂/min·(per mg mitochondrial protein). Malate (1 mmol/L) was present in all incubations in addition to the substrate additions indicated. Figures are means±s.e.m.

* Indicates P<0.05 compared with control rats by Student's t-test.