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. 2014 Jul 7;5:336. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00336

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Copyright © 2014 Shinzato, Mungpakdee, Satoh and Shoguchi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The distribution of genes associated with biosynthesis of scytonemin in cyanobacteria, cnidarians, and other metazoans. (A) Pathways of biosynthesis of the photo-protective molecule scytonemin in the cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme (Soule et al., 2007; Rastogi et al., 2010). Genes encoding the enzymes indicated with asterisks were identified in the A. digitifera genome. (B) Schematics showing the organization of the scytonemin gene cluster. Genes indicated by red arrows encode enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. The presence of corresponding genes in various organisms is indicated by “+,” indicating that a TBLASTN search against N. punctiforme as query showed significant hits. Anthozoan genomes encode a gene, aroB homolog, involved in aromatic metabolism that is not found in higher metazoans.