Table 1.
Nomenclature and aliases of autophagy-related genes.
| Full name (human) | Yeast | C. elegans | Human/mammalian | Aliases | Detectable in spermatozoa | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autophagy-related 5 | N/A | Atg5 | ATG5 | ASP; APG5; APG5L; hAPG5; APG5-like | No | Early stage of autophagosome formation |
| GABA(A) receptor-associated protein | ATG8 | Lgg-1 | GABARAP | MM46; ATG8A; GABARAP-a | Yes | Nonselective sequestration of cytoplasmic material for vacuolar degradation |
| Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain alpha | N/A | Lgg-2 | MAP1LC3A | LC3; LC3 A; ATG8E; MAP1ALC3B | Yes | Recruits protein cargo to the phagophore/isolation membrane; remains associated with the mature autophagosome |
| Sequestosome 1 | N/A | N/A | SQSTM1 | p62; p60; A170 | Yes | Binds to ubiquitinated proteins; interacts with both LC3 and GABARAP |
| Valosin containing protein/protein dislocase | CDC48 | CDC-48.1 | VCP | p97 | Yes | Extracts ubiquitinated proteins from organelle membranes; presents them to 26S proteasome |
| Histone deacetylase 6 | N/A | HAD-6 | HDAC6 | HD6 | Yes | Transports ubiquitinated misfolded protein aggregates/aggresomes to phagophore |
| Parkin (PARK2) | N/A | pdr-1 | PARK2 | PDJ; PRKN | Not known | Ubiquitin ligase; induces selective autophagy of damaged mitochondria |