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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Glia. 2014 Mar 26;62(7):1093–1109. doi: 10.1002/glia.22665

Figure 5. IL-1β increases calcium concentrations in astrocytes in the spinal dorsal horn.

Figure 5

(A) shows astrocytes marked by the green fluorescent protein viewed under the fluorescent microscope with a FITC cube and a patch pipette marked by dotted lines. Astrocytes used for the calcium imaging analysis were labeled by numbers. (B) Calcium imaging (red-fluorescent) pictures taken in a sequential time order before, during and after washout of IL-1β (10 ng/ml) are shown. IL-1β was applied to the bath at 100 s and washout at 220 s. (C) Line-plots show samples of quantitative analysis of astrocytic Ca2+ levels in 4 astrocytes marked by numbers in the pictures before, during and after washout of IL-1β expressed as fluorescent intensity in arbitrary units. ΔF/F = (F – Fbase)/Fbase, where F is the measured fluorescence intensity of the Ca2+ indicator, Fbase is the fluorescence intensity of the Ca2+ indicator in the cell at baseline (Takahashi et al., 1999). (D) Bar graphs show the mean (+S.E.) ΔF/F before, during and after washout of IL-1β. *** p<0.001.