Figure 2.

Increased floral integration, from unfused pistil and stamens (a), to adnate (structurally integrated) pistil and stamens (b). Fusion of filament and style tissues can lead to an increase or decrease in measured (statistical) phenotypic integration of pistil and stamen, depending, respectively, on whether the portions of the stamen filaments fused to the style (dotted lines) are, or are not, included in the stamen measurements. (The former analysis would depend on phylogenetic/evolutionary or developmental insights.) (Online version in colour.)