Table 4.

Perioperative management of NOACs (dabigatran and rivaroxaban)—proposal for recommendations from the GIHP (Groupe d'Intérêt en Hémostase Périopératoire) [29].

Measured concentration	Recommendations
<30 ng/mL	Operate
30–200 ng/mL	(i) Wait up to 12 h and obtain new dosage or (if time is not compatible with emergency) (ii) Operate, if abnormal bleeding: antagonise the anticoagulant effect
200–400 ng/mL	(i) Wait up to 12 h and obtain new dosage or (if time is not compatible with emergency) (ii) Maximise delay surgery (iii) Discuss hemodialysis, especially if crcl<50 mL/min (with dabigatran only) (iv) Operate, if abnormal bleeding: antagonise
>400 ng/mL	Overdose major haemorrhagic risk Discuss haemodialysis before surgery (with dabigatran only)