Table 1.

Framingham criteria for congestive heart failure (2 major, or 1 major + 2 minor criteria are required)

Major:

Paroxysysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Neck vein distension

Rales

Radiographic cardiomegaly

Acute pulmonary edema

Third sound gallop

Increased central venous pressure

Increased circulation time (≥25 seconds)

Hepatojugular reflux

Pulmonary edema, visceral congestion, or cardiomegaly on autopsy

Weight loss ≥4.5 kg in 5 days in response to treatment of heart failure

Minor:

Bilateral ankle edema

Noctural cough

Dyspnea on ordinary exertion

Hepatomegaly

Pleural effusion

Decrease in vital capacity by 33% of maximal value recorded

Tachycardia (≥ 120 beats per minute)