TABLE 1.

Peer-Reviewed Studies (N = 17) Reporting the Effectiveness of Nontargeted HIV Screening in Emergency Departments Since 2006

Authors	Year	Setting*	Consent Method†	External Staff	Eligible Patients‡, n	Offered Testing		Patients Tested		Confirmed Positive
						n	%	n	%	n	%
Silva et al.19	2007	U, I	OI	Y	3030	NR	—	1428	47	8	0.56
Mehta et al.20	2007	U, A, I	OI	Y	NR	2924	—	1428	—	8	0.56
Brown et al.21	2007	U, A, I	OO	Y	13,240	4187	32	2486	19	9	0.36
Walensky et al.22	2008	U, A	OI	Y¶	2356	1397	59	854	36	5	0.59
White et al.23	2009	U, A, I	OI	N	118,324	45,159	38	7923	7	55	0.69
Haukoos et al.24	2010	U, A, I	OO	N	28,043	NR	—	6933	25	15	0.22§
Sattin et al.25‖	2011	U, A, I	OO	Y	13,035	9343	72	8504	65	35	0.41
Wheatley et al.26	2011	U, A	OO	Y	NR	8922	—	7616	—	129	1.7
White et al.27**	2011	U, A, I	OO	N	26,757	20,280	76	4679	18	21	0.45§
White et al.27**	2011	U, A, I	OI	N	23,236	6479	28	4053	17	8	0.20§
Hoxhaj et al.28	2011	U, A, I	OO	N	24,686	NR	—	14,093	57	80	0.57§
d’Almeida et al.29	2011	MI	OI	N	78,411	20,962	27	12,754	16	18	0.14§
Wilbur et al.30	2011	U, A, I	OI	Y	5794	1484	26	1121	19	5	0.45
Casalino et al.31	2012	MI	OI	N	183,957	11,401	6	7215	4	40	0.55§
Haukoos et al.32**	2012	U, A, I	OO	N	6842	6602	97	886	13	2	0.23§
Haukoos et al.32**	2012	U, A, I	OI	N	5985	5781	97	389	6	0	0
Hack et al.33	2013	U, A, P	OI	Y	2645	300	11	224	8	0	0
Haukoos et al.34	2013	U, A, I	OI	N	29,510	19,634	67	3591	12	7	0.20§
Lyons et al.35	2013	U, A, I	OI	Y	NR	4692	—	1911	41	6	0.31§
Median							38		18		0.23§
Range							6–97		4–65		(0–0.57§)

^*Setting: U, urban; A, academic; I, level 1 trauma center; MI, multiple institutions; P, pediatric-only.

^†Consent method: OO, opt-out; OI, opt-in.

^‡Eligibility varied by study.

^¶Combined use of external staff and emergency department staff in a randomized manner.

^§Specifically indicates new HIV diagnoses.

^‖Reports more complete results that overlap with a prior publication.³⁶

^**Reported in the same study.

NR indicates not reported.