Table 5.
Residual Association of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms on HQOL Subscales and Overall QOL after Sequential Adjustment for Groups of Confounders
| Current Health | Physical Function | Emotional Wellbeing | Cognitive Function | Role Function | Social Function | Pain | Overall QOL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Model A (Post Traumatic Stress Symptom Severity) | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| HTQ >2 vs. HTQ<=2 | −5.88 | −7.74 | −5.55 | −5.29 | −7.13 | −8.13 | −11.01 | −5.32 |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
|
| ||||||||
|
Model B (Model A + Sociodemographic Characteristics)
| ||||||||
| HTQ >2 vs. HTQ<=2 | −5.77 | −7.12 | −5.27 | −4.85 | −6.48 | −7.43 | −10.17 | −5.18 |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
|
| ||||||||
|
Model C (Model B + Economic Indicators)
| ||||||||
| HTQ >2 vs. HTQ<=2 | −4.44 | −5.69 | −4.85 | −3.88 | −5.5 | −6.46 | −8.71 | −4.25 |
| P value | 0.001 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.01 | 0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
|
| ||||||||
|
Model D (Model C + Mental Health Symptoms and Stressors)
| ||||||||
| HTQ >2 vs. HTQ<=2 | −3.30 | −4.48 | −3.51 | −2.54 | −4.14 | −4.22 | −7.08 | −3.17 |
| P value | 0.01 | 0.01 | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
|
| ||||||||
|
Model E (Model D + HIV Status / CD4 Category among HIV positives)
| ||||||||
| HTQ >2 vs. HTQ<=2 | −3.28 | −4.41 | −3.47 | −2.57 | −4.38 | −4.2 | −7.05 | −3.15 |
| P value | 0.01 | 0.01 | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Model A: Post Traumatic Stress Symptom Severity
Model B: Post Traumatic Stress Symptom Severity + Sociodemographic Characteristics: Age (30–40 vs. <30 and >40 vs. <30), Marital/Partner Status, # Household Members (3 vs. <3, 4–5 vs. <3, >5 vs. <3), Education (some primary vs. none, completed primary vs. none, secondary vs. none).
Model C: Post Traumatic Stress Symptom Severity + Sociodemographic Variables + Economic Indicators: Employed, Income (10–35K vs. <10k, >35k vs. <10k), Use of a Food Program, Health Insurance, Able to Pay for Medications, Able to Pay Medical Bills.
Model D: Post Traumatic Stress Symptom Severity + Sociodemographic Characteristics + Economic Indicators + Mental Health Symptoms and Stressors: Depression Symptoms (CES-D >=16 vs <16), and Experiencing Genocidal Rape.
Model E: Post Traumatic Stress Symptom Severity + HIV−Status/CD4 categories (CD4 >350 vs HIV−, CD4 200–350 vs HIV−, CD4 >350 vs HIV−) + Sociodemographic Characteristics + Economic Indicators + Mental Health Symptoms and Stressors.