Figure 5.
Conditioned medium from hAAT-treated islets alter inflammatory macrophage responses. (a) CM from hAAT-treated islets alters inflammatory macrophage responses: CM was defined as the 48-h supernatants from hAAT-treated islets (0.5 mg/ml for 72 h). Macrophages (3×105/well in quadruplicate) were treated with CM 1 h before LPS (10 ng/ml) and/or IL-1Ra treatment (100 ng/ml). The 48-h macrophage supernatants were collected for nitric oxide and cytokine level analyses. Data are shown as means±s.e.m.; *P<0.05, **P<0.01. (b) Islet survival: islets from WT and IL-1Ra-KO mice were incubated in the presence or absence of hAAT (0.5 mg/ml) for 48 h and were subsequently washed and seeded in triplicate (100 islets/well). The supernatants were assayed after 48 h with an LDH cytotoxicity Assay. Data are shown as means±SEM; *P<0.05, **P<0.01. CM, conditioned medium; hAAT, alpha-1-antitrypsin; WT, wild-type.