Figure 3.

VAV3 is necessary for GIC growth, migration and invasion. VAV3 knockdown in GICs using two non-overlapping shRNA constructs results in decreased VAV3 mRNA expression quantified by qRT-PCR (a) and protein expression measured by immunoblot (b). VAV3 shRNA transduced into GICs caused decreased growth assessed by ATP cell titer assay (c) and reduced sphere formation determined by a limited dilution assay (d). VAV3 knockdown decreased migration as shown by pixel quantification (e) and representative images of 08-387 GICs at 0 and 24 h (f), as well as decreased numbers of invading GICs (g and h). *P=0.05; **P=0.002; ***P=0.0001