Table 1.
Community, prison and jail-initiated engagement interventions for PLWHA
| Location on engagement continuum
|
Selected features of engagement interventions
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name/selected citations | Link to medical care | Retain in medical care | Medication adherence | Reengagement | Specific HIV+ population | Setting (J, P, C) | Primary activities | Manual, specific curriculum or protocol | # of contacts, duration |
| Adherence to Drugs for HIV, an Experimental Randomized Enhancement (ADHERE) [48] | X | Alcohol problems | C | Assessment of alcohol use; medication | Yes | 4 Contacts over 3 months | |||
| Antiretroviral Adherence Training& Coordination Program (AATC) [53] | X | PLWHA | C | Case management | Yes | 6 Sessions | |||
| ARTAS Linkage Case Management (ALCM) [23, 26] | X | X | X | Newly diagnosed | C | Case management | Yes | 5 Sessions in 90 days | |
| California Bridge Project [40, 41] | X | X | Out of care persons of color; IDUs | C | Assessment, referral, outreach, case management | NR | NR | ||
| Cognitive behavioral adherence intervention [46] | X | HIV+ individuals | C | Education on adherence; personal assessment & planning | Yes | 5 Sessions | |||
| Community Partnerships and Supportive Services for HIV-Infected People Leaving Jail (COMPASS) [30] | X | X | X | Newly diagnosed or not engaged in care | J, C | Case management | NR | Case management in jail and 6 months after release | |
| DAART+ [55] | X | Heroin, cocaine drug users | C | Outreach worker observed ART in mobile health vans | Yes | Daily | |||
| Directly Administered Antiretroviral Therapy Program and Intensive Adherence Case Management (DAART/IACM) [54] | X | IDUs | C | Case manager observed ART | Yes | Daily/weekly | |||
| Information-motivation-behavioral skills model [45] | X | HIV+ clinical population | C | Education, motivation assessment, skills building | Yes | Variable | |||
| Life coaches [39] | X | HIV+ offenders | J, P, C | Peer mentoring | NR | Variable | |||
| LifeWindows [50] | X | PLWHA | C | Computer-assisted curriculum | Yes | NR; each contact 26 min | |||
| Paraprofessional case management [27] | X | Substance abusers | C | Case management | NR | Variable | |||
| HIV system peer navigation [33, 37] | X | X | HIV+ inmates 18 or older | C | Contacts with peers to identify resources | NR | Open-ended | ||
| Methadone clinic-based HAART [56] | X | HIV+ injectable drug users | C | Medical personnel observation | NR | Daily | |||
| Outreach Initiative [35, 36] | X | PLWHA | C | Outreach workers | NR | Varied from site to site | |||
| Peer Driven Intervention Model (PDI) [38] | X | X | X | Substance abusers | C | Peer support, education, rewards | Yes | 3 Meetings/week | |
| Positive Living Using Safety (PLUS) [64] | X | HIV+ prisoners | P,C | Information, skills, motivation | Yes | Four, consecutive days or weekly; group or one–one | |||
| Project Bridge [29] | X | Prison inmates | P,C | Case management, eco-behaviorism, motivational interviewing | Yes | 1–3 months prior to release; 18 months post-release | |||
| Project BRIGHT [28] | X | X | Prison inmates | P, C | Strengths-based case management | Yes | 48 weeks post-release | ||
| READY [51] | X | X | Previous treatment failures | C | Wellness motivation | Yes | 6 Sessions | ||
| STAR program [52] | X | Eligible for HAART; substance abusers | C | Motivational interviewing; cognitive behavioral skills | Yes | 6 Sessions | |||
| STYLE [32] | X | X | Young black and latino MSM | C | Social marketing; outreach; medical–social support network | NR | Variable | ||
| Treatment advocacy [34] | X | X | X | X | PLWHA | C | Multiple services to aid in linkage, retention, goal identification | NR | As needed |
NR none reported