Table 3.

Unadjusted and adjusted differences in HRQOL comparing incontinent to continent patients with exstrophy

CHQ-CF87 Scale	Unadjusted Estimated Difference in HRQOL (95% CI)*	p Value	Adjusted† Estimated Difference in HRQOL (95% CI)*	p Value
General Health	4.3 (−4.9, 13.6)	0.35	−2.3 (−11.1, 6.5)	0.60
Physical Functioning	1.3 (−2.1, 4.7)	0.45	0.91 (−2.1, 4.0)	0.55
Role Functioning-Emotional	3.7 (−0.78, 8.17)	0.10	3.7 (−0.3, 7.7)	0.07
Role Functioning-Behavioral	−1.9 (−5.6, 1.7)	0.29	−4.8 (−10.4, 0.88)	0.10
Role Functioning-Physical	3.3 (−2.1, 8.7)	0.22	2.4 (−3.0, 7.9)	0.37
Bodily Pain	−1.2 (−11.9, 9.4)	0.82	−4.6 (−15.2, 6.0)	0.39
Behavior	3.1 (−3.9, 10.1)	0.38	−1.2 (−9.30, 6.9)	0.76
Mental Health	1.6 (−5.6, 8.9)	0.65	−3.3 (−11.0, 4.4)	0.39
Self-Esteem	2.1 (−5.3, 9.4)	0.58	−3.9 (−10.8, 3.1)	0.27
Family Activities	3.7 (−4.7, 12.2)	0.38	−1.2 (−10.7, 8.3)	0.80

^*For the interpretation of difference, a negative difference implies that incontinent children have a worse quality of life.

^†Adjusted for age, gender, maternal education, catheterization status and number of surgeries.