Table 2.
Alterations of GABAergic signaling in animal models of ASDs (E, embryonic day; P, postnatal day).
| Animal models | Alterations of GABAergic signaling | Age | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fmr1 KO (X Fragile) | Reduced GABA release in the amygdala | P20–30 | (65) |
| Reduced number of parvalbumin-positive interneurons | Adult | (66) | |
| Altered E/I balance | P14–P30 | (67) | |
| Decreased expression of GAD67 and GABAA receptor subunits | Adult | (68) | |
| Down regulation of GABAA-mediated tonic inhibition | Adult | (69) | |
| Persistent depolarizing effect of GABA in juvenile animals | E20–P30 | (70) | |
| MECP2 KO (Rett syndrome) | Altered E/I balance | P14–P35 | (71) |
| Depressed GABAergic synaptic transmission | P7 | (72) | |
| P14–P28 | (73) | ||
| Adult | (74) | ||
| Reduced expression of GAD65 and GAD 67 | Adult | (75) | |
| Ube3a-deficient mouse (Angelman syndrome) | Reduced GABAA-mediated tonic inhibition | P25–P28 or adult | (76) |
| GABRB3 KO (Angelman syndrome) | Decreased expression of GABAA receptors | Adult | (77) |
| Scn1a+/−mice (Dravet’s syndrome) | Altered E/I balance | P21–P30 | (78) |
| NL3R451CKI | Increased GABAergic neurotransmission; increased VGAT and gephyrin expression | P13–P16 | (79) |
| Increased frequency of GDPs | P4–P35 | (14) | |
| Circuit specific changes in GABAergic signaling in the hippocampus and in the cortex | P21–P35 | (80) | |
| P9–P15 | (81) | ||
| Decreased number of PV+ interneurons | P21–P35 | (82) | |
| En2 KO | Reduction of GABAergic markers during development; reduced number of GABAergic interneurons | Adult | (83) |
| VPA model | Decreased GABAA-mediated neurotransmission | P23–P45 | (84) |
| Persistent depolarizing effect of GABA in juvenile animals | E20–P30 | (70) |