The passive avoidance test STL1 (short memory) and STL2 (long memory) results of intact, STZ, Cas, STZ+Cas, sham operated with replacement of the testosterone-treated in lesion rats. Each bar represent the mean±SEM of STL time(s). n=8 rat for each group. cP<0.01 when compared with intact rats. Also fP<0.01 when compared with STZ or (STZ+Cas) lesion rats (STZ=stroptozotocin group, Cas=castration group, V=vehicle, T=testosterone).