Figure 5.

Photoexcited Evonik TiO₂ P25 nanoparticles induced caspase-mediated PARP cleavage.

Notes: Representative Western blots of uncleaved and cleaved PARP of (A) MDA-MB-468 cells and (C) MCF-7 cells. Blots were stripped and reprobed with anti-tubulin antibody to normalize the blots for protein levels. Densitometric quantification of cleaved/uncleaved PARP to tubulin levels for (B) MDA-MB-468 cells and (D) MCF-7 cells. *P<0.05 compared to cleaved/uncleaved PARP/tubulin levels of untreated cells. Lysates of cells treated for 24 hours with cisplatin (1 mg/mL) were used as positive control for the induction of PARP cleavage. Data represent means ± standard deviation from three independent experiments. Evonik TiO₂ P25; Evonik Industries, Essen, Germany.

Abbreviations: MCF, Michigan Cancer Foundation; MDA-MB-468, human breast adenocarcinoma; UV, ultraviolet; PARP, poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase.