TABLE 1.

Descriptive statistics for patients with bicuspid aortic valve who were hospitalized in the United States between 1998 and 2009 for aortic valve or thoracic aortic surgery

	All		AVR only		AVR with TAS		Isolated TAS
	%	SE	%	SE	%	SE	%	SE	P value
No. (n), weighted	50,395	3670	37,696	2564	11,020	1122	1679	162
Age, y (mean, SEM)	54.1	0.3	54.7	0.3	53.1	0.4	47.1	0.9	<.0001
Age group (y)
18-30	6.1	0.4	6.3	0.4	4.3	0.4	12.9	2.2	<.0001
>30-40	10.6	0.4	10.1	0.4	11.6	0.7	16.2	2.1
>40-50	18.9	0.5	17.5	0.6	22.5	1	26.7	2.2
>50-65	39.3	0.5	39.1	0.6	40.9	1	32.6	2.3
>65	25.1	0.7	27	0.7	20.7	1.1	11.6	1.9
Gender (female)	27	0.5	28.2	0.6	21.9	1	31.3	2.4	<.0001
Aortic dissection	2.4	0.2	0.7	0.1	6.8	0.6	11.8	1.8	<.0001
SBE	3.5	0.2	4.2	0.3	1.5	0.3	0.5	0.4	<.0001
Coarctation	1.2	0.1	0.6	0.1	0.9	0.2	14.6	2.2	<.0001
CABG	21.7	0.6	22.3	0.5	20.6	1.8	14.2	1.6	.04
TAA	26.3	1.1	7.1	0.5	84.8	1.1	72.6	2.6	<.0001
Mechanical valve	50.3	2.2	50.4	2	50.2	3.2			.94
Comorbidities
0	39.8	1.4	38.8	1.3	42	2.3	47.7	2.7	<.0001
1	31.1	0.6	30.8	0.7	32	1.1	31.4	2.6
2	17.6	0.6	18	0.6	16.8	1.2	13.4	2.1
≥3	11.6	0.7	12.4	0.8	9.2	1	7.5	1.5
Turner syndrome	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.1	2.1	0.8	<.0001
Marfan syndrome	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.04	0.7	0.2	1.5	0.7	<.0001
Teaching hospital	74.4	2.4	72.7	2.4	79.1	2.9	80.7	3.7	.0002
Hospital region
Northeast	19	2.8	18.5	2.5	21.4	4.2	15.7	3	<.0001
Midwest	31.1	3.6	29	3.2	37.2	5.3	38	4.6
South	28.7	3.4	30.8	3.4	21.9	3.7	26	4.5
West	21.1	2.3	21.7	2.2	19.5	3.2	20.2	4.2
Private insurance	64.1	0.8	61.7	0.9	71	1.2	73.7	2.6	<.0001
Died	1.6	0.1	1.5	0.2	1.8	0.3	2.9	0.9	.07

There was an increase in the overall number of AVR and TAS performed in patients with BAV in the United States over time. This increase was most marked for patients undergoing AVR and concomitant TAS. AVR, Aortic valve repair or replacement; TAS, thoracic aortic surgery; SE, standard error; SEM, standard error of the mean; SBE, subacute bacterial endocarditis; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; TAA, thoracic aortic aneurysm.