TABLE 2.
Descriptive statistics for patients with bicuspid aortic valve hospitalized in the United States for aortic valve or thoracic aortic surgery stratified by 2-year epoch between 1998 and 2009
|
1998/1999
|
2000/2001
|
2002/2003
|
2004/2005
|
2006/2007
|
2008/2009
|
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| %* | SE | % | SE | % | SE | % | SE | % | SE | % | SE | P value | |
| No. (n), weighted | 4556 | 571 | 5922 | 737 | 6464 | 635 | 8208 | 891 | 10,305 | 1095 | 14,960 | 2107 | <.0001 |
| Age, y (mean, SEM) | 51.1 | 0.7 | 52.1 | 0.6 | 52.8 | 0.5 | 53.4 | 0.5 | 55.4 | 0.4 | 55.7 | 0.4 | <.0001 |
| Age group, y | |||||||||||||
| 18-30 | 10.0 | 1.2 | 8.3 | 0.9 | 5.5 | 0.6 | 6.7 | 0.8 | 4.0 | 0.5 | 5.4 | 0.5 | <.0001 |
| >30-40 | 12.7 | 1.4 | 11.4 | 1.1 | 16.0 | 1.2 | 9.5 | 0.8 | 10.2 | 0.8 | 8.3 | 0.5 | |
| >40-50 | 23.2 | 1.4 | 22.2 | 1.2 | 20.3 | 1.2 | 20.7 | 1.0 | 17.8 | 1.0 | 15.4 | 0.8 | |
| >50-65 | 32.6 | 1.5 | 36.0 | 1.5 | 34.1 | 1.3 | 41.1 | 1.1 | 41.2 | 1.1 | 42.4 | 0.9 | |
| >65 | 21.5 | 1.6 | 22.1 | 1.6 | 24.1 | 1.2 | 21.9 | 1.3 | 26.8 | 1.1 | 28.5 | 1.2 | |
| Gender (% female) | 26.3 | 1.6 | 27.5 | 1.2 | 29.6 | 1.3 | 26.1 | 1.1 | 26.5 | 1.0 | 26.6 | 0.8 | .42 |
| Aortic dissection | 4.0 | 0.7 | 3.3 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 0.4 | 2.3 | 0.3 | .003 |
| SBE | 4.0 | 0.6 | 4.5 | 0.7 | 3.8 | 0.5 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 0.4 | 2.9 | 0.4 | .009 |
| Coarctation | 1.2 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 0.2 | .66 |
| Comorbidities | |||||||||||||
| 0 | 44.2 | 2.1 | 40.9 | 1.7 | 34.5 | 1.5 | 28.5 | 1.5 | 22.0 | 1.1 | 15.5 | 1.5 | <.0001 |
| 1 | 36.1 | 1.8 | 34.8 | 1.3 | 34.6 | 1.2 | 38.5 | 1.2 | 33.1 | 1.1 | 30.4 | 1.3 | |
| 2 | 13.2 | 1.1 | 17.7 | 1.2 | 20.3 | 1.0 | 20.1 | 1.0 | 26.0 | 1.0 | 26.6 | 1.1 | |
| ≥3 | 6.4 | 1.2 | 6.7 | 1.2 | 10.6 | 1.4 | 12.9 | 1.3 | 18.9 | 1.6 | 27.4 | 2.1 | |
| Mechanical valve | 69.2 | 3.2 | 63.3 | 2.5 | 60.2 | 2.0 | 57.2 | 2.4 | 46.1 | 2.7 | 37.8 | 3.7 | <.0001 |
| Type of surgery | |||||||||||||
| AVR only | 85.0 | 1.6 | 83.2 | 1.7 | 79.4 | 1.8 | 73.6 | 2.0 | 71.8 | 1.7 | 69.0 | 1.5 | <.0001 |
| AVR with TAS | 12.4 | 1.4 | 13.9 | 1.6 | 17.3 | 1.4 | 22.8 | 1.8 | 24.6 | 1.6 | 27.5 | 1.5 | |
| Isolated TAS | 2.5 | 0.6 | 2.8 | 0.5 | 3.3 | 0.6 | 3.6 | 0.5 | 3.5 | 0.5 | 3.5 | 0.4 | |
| CABG | 22.3 | 1.8 | 21.5 | 1.3 | 21.3 | 1.3 | 19.3 | 1.3 | 22.1 | 1.3 | 22.8 | 0.8 | .43 |
| Mitral valve repair | 0.5 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 2.0 | 0.4 | .004 |
| TAA | 15.0 | 1.8 | 16.3 | 1.6 | 22.2 | 1.6 | 27.0 | 1.7 | 28.6 | 1.5 | 33.4 | 1.6 | <.0001 |
| Teaching hospital | 80.7 | 4.0 | 78.0 | 3.8 | 71.8 | 4.1 | 74.9 | 3.8 | 69.1 | 4.2 | 75.5 | 4.1 | .33 |
| Hospital region | |||||||||||||
| Northeast | 21.8 | 4.9 | 19.8 | 4.4 | 14.1 | 2.9 | 20.6 | 5.6 | 20.2 | 5.2 | 18.4 | 4.1 | .30 |
| Midwest | 29.7 | 5.7 | 24.5 | 4.8 | 25.6 | 4.1 | 30.6 | 4.9 | 26.5 | 4.4 | 39.9 | 8.0 | |
| South | 28.2 | 6.1 | 37.1 | 6.7 | 32.3 | 4.8 | 26.8 | 4.2 | 31.7 | 4.8 | 23.1 | 4.3 | |
| West | 20.3 | 4.6 | 18.6 | 4.0 | 28.0 | 4.4 | 22.0 | 4.0 | 21.5 | 4.0 | 18.6 | 3.5 | |
| Private insurance | 67.6 | 2.4 | 68.1 | 1.6 | 64.9 | 1.6 | 66.6 | 1.5 | 62.9 | 1.4 | 60.1 | 1.2 | <.0001 |
| Died | 2.5 | 0.6 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 1.7 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 0.2 | .02 |
SE, Standard error; SEM, standard error of the mean; SBE, subacute bacterial endocarditis; AVR, aortic valve replacement or repair; TAS, thoracic aortic surgery; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; TAA, thoracic aortic aneurysm.
*
Data are presented as % with standard error % unless otherwise specified.