Figure 4.

The TEER measurements of cocultures are significantly higher than those of epithelial cells cultured alone. Error bars show standard error of the mean. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA with Sidak̀s multiple comparison with the difference between coculture and single Calu-3 culture having a p value <0.0001 (A). SEM images of epithelial cells from single and coculture where the upper surface that has been imaged is thought to be predominantly formed from ECM protein presence. The micrographs show that epithelial cells from coculture have a smoother surface than those from single culture (B).