Table 5.
Obstetrical events at delivery, gestational age at venipuncture, and placental pathology of patients with stillbirth
| Case | Obstetrical events at delivery | PlGF/ sVEGFR-1 ratio (MoM) | GA at venous sampling (weeks) | GA at delivery (weeks) | Birthweight in grams (percentile) | Placental lesions consistent with maternal underperfusion | Placenta pathology | Fetal Autopsy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort study | ||||||||
| 1 | Normal blood pressure | 0.07 | 32 1/7 | 34 3/7 | 2200 (50%) | Yes | Diffuse chronic villitis, Persistent muscularization of basal plate arteries | Not Available |
| 2 | GDM non- compliance with care | 0.10 | 31 3/7 | 34 4/7 | 2280 (58%) | Yes | Increased syncytial knot | Not Available |
| 3 | Blood pressure 140/90, urine protein dipstick negative, placental abruption | 0.04 | 31 | 35 4/7 | 3000 (92%) | No | Chronic chorioamnionitis | Not Available |
| 4 | Normal blood pressure, decreased fetal movement, thick meconium stained amniotic fluid | 0.08 | 33 3/7 | 39 3/7 | 3650 (74%) | Yes | Increased intervillous fibrin, Prominent nucleated RBC, absence of physiologic change of the spiral arteries | Not Available |
| 5 | Normal blood pressure | 0.78 | 32 2/7 | 38 3/7 | 3350 (60.5%) | No | Hyalinized avascular villi, Fetal thrombotic vasculopathy | Not Available |
| Case-control study | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Obstetrical events at delivery | PlGF/sVEGFR-1 ratio | GA at venous sampling (weeks) | GA at delivery (weeks) | Birthweight in grams (percentile) | Placental lesions consistent with maternal underperfusion | Placenta pathology | Fetal Autopsy |
| 1 | Gestational diabetes mellitus class A2 – poorly controlled glucose | 0.02 | 33 5/7 | 37 5/7 | 3620 (81.5%) | Yes | Microscopic chorionic pseudocysts in placental membranes | No congenital anomalies; No etiology found |
| 2 | Pre-gestational diabetes mellitus class B – poorly controlled glucose | 0.04 | 33 5/7 | 39 1/7 | 3100 (28.1%) | Yes | Recent villous infarction, persistent muscularization of basal plate arteries | Acute hypoxic/ischemic gray matter damage & Subarachnoid hemorrhage; No congenital anomalies |
| 3 | Severe preeclampsia | 0.01 | 31 3/7 | 34 2/7 | 2040 (15%) | Yes | Recent villous infarction | No congenital anomalies; No etiology found |
| 4 | Chronic hypertension | 0.005 | 32 4/7 | 35 | 1231 (1%) | Yes | Remote villous infarction, increased syncytial knots | Not available |
| 5 | Marfan’s syndrome | 0.19 | 33 3/7 | 38 4/7 | 2305 (1%) | No | Normal | No congenital anomalies; No etiology found |
GDM= gestational diabetes; GA= gestational age; MoM= Multiple of Median; PlGF= placental growth factor, sVEGFR-1=soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1