Table 1. Classification, biology and collection site for the cynipoid species included in the study.
| Taxon | Biology | Collection country |
| Cynipoidea: Cynipidae: Aylacini | ||
| Aulacidea freesei Nieves-Aldrey 1994 (2) | Galler on Silybum (Asteraceae) | Spain |
| Aulacidea tragopogonis (Thomson 1877) (2) | Galler on Tragopogon (Asteraceae) | Spain |
| Aylax papaveris (Perris 1839) (2) | Galler on Papaver (Papaveraceae) | Spain |
| Diastrophus rubi (Bouche 1834) (3) | Galler on Rubus (Rosaceae) | Spain |
| Hedickiana levantina (Hedicke 1928) (1) | Galler on Salvia (Lamiaceae) | Jordan |
| Iraella luteipes (Thomson 1877) (2) | Galler on Papaver (Papaveraceae) | Spain |
| Isocolus lichtensteini (Mayr 1882) (2) | Galler on Centaurea (Asteraceae) | Spain |
| Liposthenes kerneri (Wachtl 1891) (1) | Galler on Nepeta (Lamiaceae) | Spain |
| Panteliella fedtschenkoi (Rubsaamen 1896) (1) | Galler on Phlomis (Lamiaceae) | Romania |
| Phanacis centaureae Förster 1860 (1) | Galler on Centaurea (Asteraceae) | Spain |
| Timaspis phoenixopodos Mayr 1882 (1) | Galler on Lactuca (Asteraceae) | Spain |
| Xestophanes potentillae (Retzius in De Geer 1773) (1) | Galler on Potentilla (Rosaceae) | Spain |
| Cynipoidea: Cynipidae: Cynipini | ||
| Andricus burgundus Giraud 1859 (S) (3) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Andricus coriarius (Hartig 1843) (A) (2) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Andricus crispator Tschek 1871 (S) (2) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Andricus curvator Hartig 1840 (S) (2) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Andricus grossulariae Giraud 1859 (A) (3) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Andricus grossulariae Giraud 1859 (S) (2) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Andricus multiplicatus Giraud 1859 (S) (2) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Hungary |
| Andricus pictus (Hartig 1856) (A) (3) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Andricus quercusradicis (Fabricius 1798) (A) (2) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Andricus quercusradicis (Fabricius 1798) (S) (1) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Andricus quercusramuli (Linnaeus 1761) (S) (2) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Cynips quercusfolii Linnaeus 1758 (A) (2) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu 1951 (1) | Galler on Castanea (Fagaceae) | Italy |
| Plagiotrochus quercusilicis (Fabricius 1798) (S) (1) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Pseudoneuroterus macropterus (Hartig 1843) (A) (2) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Hungary |
| Trigonaspis mendesi Tavares 1902 (A) (1) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Trigonaspis synaspis (Hartig 1841) (S) (2) | Galler on Quercus (Fagaceae) | Spain |
| Cynipoidea: Cynipidae: Diplolepidini | ||
| Diplolepis rosae (Linnaeus 1758) (2) | Galler on Rosa (Rosaceae) | Spain |
| Cynipoidea: Cynipidae: Eschatocerini | ||
| Eschatocerus acaciae Mayr 1881 (2) | Galler on Prosopis and Acacia (Fabaceae) | Argentina |
| Cynipoidea: Cynipidae: Paraulacini | ||
| Cecinothofagus gallaelenga Nieves-Aldrey & Liljeblad 2009 (1) | Gall-parasitoid or gall-inquiline of Aditrochus (Chalcidoidea) galls on Nothofagus | Chile |
| Cynipoidea: Cynipidae: Pediaspidini | ||
| Pediaspis aceris (Gmelin 1790) (asexual) (1) | Galler on Acer (Sapindaceae) | Spain |
| Cynipoidea: Cynipidae: Qwaqwaiini | ||
| Qwaqwaia scolopiae Liljeblad, Nieves-Aldrey & Melika 2011 (1) | Galler on Scolopia (Salicaceae) | South Africa |
| Cynipoidea: Cynipidae: Synergini | ||
| Ceroptres cerri Mayr 1873 (1) | Gall-inquiline of Plagiotrochus + other Cynipini | Spain |
| Periclistus brandtii (Ratzeburg 1832) (1) | Gall-inquiline of Diplolepis | Spain |
| Rhoophilus loewi Mayr 1881 (1) | Gall-inquiline of Scyrotis (Lepidoptera: Cecidosidae) | South Africa |
| Saphonecrus lusitanicus (Tavares 1901) (1) | Gall-inquiline of Andricus + Plagiotrochus | Spain |
| Synergus clandestinus Weld 1952 (1) | Gall-inquiline of Andricus | Spain |
| Synergus hayneanus (Ratzeburg 1833) (1) | Gall-inquiline of Andricus | Spain |
| Synergus physocerus Hartig 1843 (1) | Gall-inquiline of Trigonaspis | Spain |
| Synergus umbraculus (Olivier 1791) (2) | Gall-inquiline of Andricus | Spain |
| Synophrus politus Hartig 1843 (2) | Gall-inquiline of Andricus | Spain |
| Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Anacharitinae | ||
| Acanthaegilips sp. (1) | Endoparasitoid of Neuroptera: Chrysopidae and Hemerobiidae (unconcealed) | Colombia |
| Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Aspicerinae | ||
| Callaspidia notata (Boyer de Fonsc., 1832) (1) | Endoparasitoid of Diptera: Cyclorrhapha (unconcealed) | Spain |
| Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Charipinae | ||
| Apocharips sp. (1) | Endoparasitoid of Hymenoptera: Braconidae and Chalcidoidea (unconcealed) | Spain |
| Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Eucolinae | ||
| Ganaspis sp. (1) | Endoparasitoid of Diptera: Cyclorrhapha (unconcealed) | Spain |
| Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Figitinae | ||
| Neralsia sp. (1) | Endoparasitoid of Diptera: Cyclorrhapha (unconcealed) | Colombia |
| Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Parnipinae | ||
| Parnips nigripes (Barbotin 1963) (1) | Gall-parasitoid of Barbotinia (Aylacini) in Papaver | Spain |
| Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Plectocynipinae | ||
| Araucocynips queulensis (Buffington & Nieves-Aldrey 2011) (1) | Biology unknown. In Nothofagus forests | Chile |
| Plectocynips pilosus (Ros-Farre 2002) (1) | Gall-parasitoid or gall-inquiline of Aditrochus on Nothofagus | Chile |
| Cynipoidea: Ibaliidae: Ibaliinae | ||
| Ibalia rufipes Cresson 1879 | Endoparasitoid of Hymenoptera: Siricidae (in wood) | Spain |
| Cynipoidea: Liopteridae: Oberthuerellinae | ||
| Oberthuerella sp. | Unknown, but likely endoparasitoids of wood-boring insects (Coleoptera: Buprestidae; Hymenoptera: Siricidae) | Cameroon |
The number of individuals studied is in brackets. S = sexual generation, A = asexual generation. Depository: JLNA — J. L. Nieves-Aldrey collection, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid.