Table 3. Age-adjusted cause-specific mortality rates (number of deaths per 100,000 persons per year) by BMI category.
| Cause of Death | ICD-10 Code | Men | Women | ||||
| BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | BMI 40.0–59.9 kg/m2 | Difference | BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | BMI 40.0–59.9 kg/m2 | Difference | ||
| Total deaths | 346.7 | 856.0 | 509.3** | 280.5 | 663.0 | 382.5** | |
| Septicemia | A40–A41 | — | — | — | 2.4 | 8.6 | 6.1 |
| Malignant neoplasms | C00–C97 | 135.1 | 171.8 | 36.7 | 112.0 | 174.3 | 62.3** |
| Malignant neoplasms of the colon/rectum | C18–C21 | 15.6 | 31.1 | 15.5 | 13.2 | 24.8 | 11.6 |
| Malignant neoplasms of other digestive organs | C15–C17, C22–C26 | 24.0 | 31.4 | 7.3 | 17.4 | 19.9 | 2.5 |
| Malignant neoplasms of respiratory and intrathoracic organs | C32–C34 | — | — | — | 9.4 | 3.6 | −5.8 |
| Malignant neoplasms of the breast | C50 | — | — | — | 18.7 | 30.9 | 12.2 |
| Malignant neoplasms of the female genital organs | C53–C56 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 15.4 | 30.7 | 15.3** |
| Malignant neoplasms of the prostate | C61 | 19.1 | 20.8 | 1.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Leukemia | C91–C95 | — | — | — | 4.7 | 13.8 | 9.0 |
| Neoplasms (in situ, benign, and of uncertain/unknown behavior) | D00–D48 | — | — | — | 2.9 | 14.7 | 11.8 |
| Diabetes mellitus | E10–E14 | 5.3 | 56.5 | 51.2* | 4.3 | 33.5 | 29.2** |
| Overweight and obesity | E66 | 0.0 | 38.3 | 38.3* | 0.0 | 20.6 | 20.6** |
| Heart disease | I00–I09, I11, I13, I20–I51 | 98.3 | 337.2 | 238.9** | 112.0 | 244.8 | 132.8** |
| Hypertensive heart disease or heart and renal disease | I11, I13 | — | — | — | 2.5 | 16.4 | 13.9* |
| Ischemic heart disease | I20–I25 | 72.2 | 166.1 | 93.9** | 51.0 | 147.7 | 96.7** |
| Other heart diseases | I26–I51 | 23.1 | 150.1 | 127.0** | 19.5 | 76.6 | 57.1** |
| Essential (primary) hypertension and hypertensive renal disease | I10, I12 | — | — | — | 3.3 | 4.1 | 0.8 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | I60–I69 | 33.1 | 22.4 | −10.7 | 33.1 | 47.2 | 14.2 |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage | I60 | — | — | — | 2.9 | 4.3 | 1.4 |
| Intracerebral and other intracranial hemorrhage | I61–I62 | — | — | — | 6.9 | 8.7 | 1.9 |
| Diseases of the arteries, arterioles, and capillaries | I70–I78 | — | — | — | 6.7 | 5.8 | −0.9 |
| Other disorders of the circulatory system | I80–I99 | — | — | — | 0.5 | 1.5 | 0.9 |
| Influenza and pneumonia | J10–J18 | 14.9 | 24.9 | 10.0 | 10.4 | 11.6 | 1.1 |
| Chronic lower respiratory disease | J40–J47 | 4.3 | 32.4 | 28.1 | 5.5 | 8.9 | 3.4 |
| Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis | K70, K73–K74 | 1.6 | 12.1 | 10.6* | 1.8 | 7.2 | 5.4* |
| Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis | N00–N07,N17–N19, N25–N27 | 3.6 | 29.3 | 25.8 | 2.7 | 20.7 | 18.0** |
| Other diseases of the urinary system | N10–N15, N20–N23, N28–N39 | — | — | — | 2.9 | 10.8 | 8.0 |
| Accidents | V01–X59, X85–Y86 | — | — | — | 13.7 | 22.9 | 9.2 |
Mortality rates were age-standardized using the age distribution of adults aged 20–84 y in the 2000 US census population; not shown if calculations based on fewer than five deaths in the BMI 40.0–59.9 kg/m2 group.
*p<0.05;
** p<0.001.
ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision; n/a, not applicable.